**8. Conclusion**

Anogenital HPV infections are very common and transmitted principally via sexual contacts. High prevalence has been found in both female and male adults. Even if the majority of anogenital infections will clear spontaneously, a small proportion of infection will progress and cause different anogenital cancers. HPV is a necessary cause of cervical cancer and plays a role in other anogenital cancers in men and women. Some subgroups such as MSM, sex workers and HIV individuals are particularly at risk of HPV infections. Clinical HPV infections are responsible for substantial morbidity and invoke high costs associated with the treatment of clinically relevant lesions. Prevention is always preferable to treatment and in this optic, HPV vaccination, which is currently implanted all over the world, is expected to prevent a substantial proportion of cervical and other HPV-related cancers in the future.
