**3.2. Whole Body Vibration (WBV)**

Studies using WBV include the examination of its longitudinal and acute effects. Indices that are adopted to verify or refute those effects are as follows: muscle activity, muscle strength, power, height by counter jump, body balance, and mechanical competence of bones.

trained athletes and elite female field hockey players. This means either that the effect of daily training was greater than the stimulatory effect with WBV or that its cumulative activity and inhibitory effects were retained in the body system. It is suggested that the stimulating effect

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Section 4 presents an overview of the effects of inhibition and facilitation provided by the physical stimulus on skeletal muscles in people with pathological disorder. We shall then

In the field of rehabilitation, people with muscle hypo-tone are induced to undergo activities that facilitate muscle activity, and those with muscle hyper-tone are given activities that inhibit muscle activity. In general, when standing position is sustained there will be increases in muscle tone from that posture. Therapists often suppress the excessive muscle activity in such cases. Muscle hypo-tone from paralysis or hemiplegia is usually treated with a facilitative method using electrical stimulation or proprioceptive neuromuscular stimulation. At the present time, it is not clear to what extent these physical means are effective; it needs continued investigation. Physical therapy stands for intervention with physical means in people with physical disturbance so that their physical disorder is alleviated. For that purpose, application

Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) is a general term for diseases such as subarachnoid hemor‐ rhage, rupture of a cerebral aneurysm, and cerebral infarction. Disturbances after a CVA are various in severities. What was the onset of a CVA like, was there early treatment, or was the site known at the time of its onset? These are the questions that help determine how severe CVAs turn out to be. Sequelae such as motor paralysis, sensory disturbances, and language

When the antagonist muscle of spastic paralysis undergoes electrical stimulation, its muscle spasticity is suppressed. This suppression is brought on by reciprocity through the Ia inhibition in the spinal cord, which in turn results from an adjustment of the reflective circuit. If the spastic muscle itself is subjected to electrical stimulation in such a case, a decrease in muscle tone occurs through the antagonist inhibition. Upon application of electrical stimulation to rectus femoris muscle of the lower limb, facilitation of the flexion of the hip joint and the extension of the knee joint occurs through suppression of the muscle tone of hip flexor muscle and knee extensor muscle, respectively. Thus, gait itself turns out

**4. Inhibitory and facilitative effects of muscle tone in patients with**

consider the existing state surrounding the equipment used in rehabilitation.

of clinical and kinesiologic EMG is one of the most effective methods.

disorder occur in about one-third of the patients who suffered CVA.

**4.1. In people with cerebrovascular accident**

*4.1.1. Electrical stimulation*

to show improvement.

of WBV is probably greater in subjects that do not exercise every day.

**pathological disorder**
