**Abbreviations**

**ASCT:** autologous stem cell transplantation; **EORTC:** European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer; **HRQoL:** health-related quality of life; **Ig:** immunoglobulin; **MM:** multiple myeloma; **QoL:** quality of life; **WHO:** World Health Organization

## **Author details**

Klára Gadó\* and Gyula Domján

\*Address all correspondence to: gadok@freemail.hu

Semmelweis University, Faculty of Medicine, 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Budapest, Hungary

## **References**


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**Chapter 15**

**Multiple Myeloma in Horses, Dogs and Cats:**

Multiple myeloma (MM) or plasma cell myeloma is a neoplastic proliferation of plasma cells that primarily involves the bone marrow but may originate from extramedullary sites [1-4]. Although it is uncommon in veterinary medicine, it has been reported in several species, in‐ cluding cats, dogs and, horses [1,3,5-10]. The frequency of MM in cats is slightly <1% of all malignant neoplasms. Canine MMs account for only 0.3% of all malignancies in dogs. MMs account approximately 2% of all hematopoietic neoplasms in both dogs and cats [4]. Most of the reports in the literature are limited to 1 to 16 case studies [4,11-16]. However, in a recent report regarding the incidence of bone disorders diagnosed in dogs, MM was the second

Similarly, MM is an extremely rare disorder in horses. Ten cases, nine from the literature and a new case, were described by Edwards et al. [1] and only six additional cases have been described lastly [3,6-8,18]. Because of the uncommonly diagnosis of equine MM, the

MM is generally a disease of older animals, although some reports exist in young animals. In dogs, the average age of diagnosis is between 8 and 12 year-old [9-10,15,19-25].There is a report of MM in a younger dog, 4-year-old [26]. There is no apparent gender predisposition

and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2013 Muñoz et al.; licensee InTech. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use,

© 2013 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution,

distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

most frequently diagnosed neoplastic condition in canine bone marrow [17].

**A Comparative Review Focused**

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

prevalence of this neoplasm is unknown in the horse.

**2. Data of the patients with multiple myeloma**

A. Muñoz, C. Riber, K. Satué, P. Trigo, M. Gómez-Díez and F.M. Castejón

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/54311

**1. Introduction**

**on Clinical Signs and Pathogenesis**

