**1. Introduction**

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The basic functionalities of mobile devices (e.g. phone calls, text messages, browsing the in‐ ternet) are extended to the interaction with physical objects from the real world as a result of the establishment of mobile devices as ubiquitous and personal computing platforms [1]. In this context, mobile interaction with the physical world, the use of mobile devices as media‐ tors for the interaction with the physical world, become more and more popular [2]. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology is one of the enabling technologies that turn mo‐ bile devices – commonly mobile phones – into readers of RFID tags attached to physical ob‐ jects [3]. RFID technology that is used in the context of physical mobile interaction is mobile RFID. This technology enables mobile devices with embedded micro RFID readers to read RFID tags [4]. Via mobile RFID people can contact RFID tagged objects anywhere [5]. The studies in the relevant literature (see Section 2.1) focus mostly on the realization techniques, architecture of the physical mobile interaction and its perception by users and the conse‐ quences of this perception. Advantages gained by physical mobile interaction – realized es‐ pecially by mobile RFID - have not been discussed comprehensively. This study aims to provide an analysis to address this gap and provide a comprehensive discussion. There are indeed a few studies (see Section 3.2.1) in which advantages of using RFID technology in mobile devices are discussed. However, they are discussed briefly while discussing applica‐ tions of RFID enabled mobile phones and how to use RFID technology in mobile phones.

This study has the characteristics of a review paper. It investigates the studies about physi‐ cal mobile interaction, mobile tagging and mobile RFID as well as applications of mobile RFID in the relevant literature with the intention of revealing the competitive advantages gained by using mobile RFID.

The study is organized as follows: The next section provides an overview of different stud‐ ies concerning the physical mobile interaction, illustrates the techniques and the supporting

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technologies to realize physical mobile interaction. In section 3, mobile RFID is defined. Af‐ terwards commercial applications in the relevant literature are categorized, in order to de‐ fine the possible B2C applications enabled by mobile RFID. In section 4, commercial advantages gained by application of mobile RFID are illustrated. Section 5 concludes the study.

tagged, everyday objects and associated information that is based on the Internet of Things and its technologies. The study focuses on the implementation, design and usability of phys‐

Commercial Utilization of Mobile RFID http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/53480 247

"Physical mobile interaction (PMI) describes such interaction styles in which the user inter‐ acts with a mobile device (e.g. smart phone, PDA) and the mobile device interacts with ob‐ jects in the real world [7]." PMI enables mobile devices to interact physically with smart objects (tagged objects) and consequently with associated information as well as services [7], [12]. Smart objects can be things, people or locations. Figure 1 visualizes how the physical

Touching, pointing, scanning and user-mediated object interaction are the techniques that are commonly used for the physical mobile interaction [7], [8]. Based on the following deter‐ mining factors, application designers and developers select the most appropriate technique

ical mobile interactions and applications.

**2.2. Definition**

mobile interaction functions.

**Figure 1.** Physical Mobile Interaction [2]

**•** application context,

**•** location of the object,

**2.3. Techniques for physical mobile ınteraction**

to integrate into their applications [7], [10]:

**•** distance between object and user,
