**8. Conclusion**

Angiogenesis in vivo and vitro, in physiologic and pathologic processes is a multifactorial process. It includes a plethora of signalling molecules and pathways, dynamically cross-talking cells and innumerable cytokines and growth factors to generate a functional and stable vessel system. This vasculature, however, is one prerequisite of tissue regeneration for it grants a continuous supply of nutrients and oxygen. These considerations found their entry to modern tissue engineering when the vital importance of a vascular network was more and more focussed.

The future of regenerative approaches to bone healing and regeneration will inevitably combine the field-tested strategies of tissue engineering with modern bio molecular techniques in the scientific environment of stem cells and gene therapy.

To define the fragile equilibrium between mechanical properties, tissue support and angio‐ genic stimulation will be the interest of research in regenerative medicine for the coming years.
