**3. Complications of liver biopsy**

Although invasive, liver biopsy is a relative safe procedure, whether performed percutane‐ ously or via the transvenous route. In a review of over 60,000 non-transplant patients, death within seven days directly related to liver biopsy occurred in 1 out of every 10,000 proce‐ dures, and all-cause mortality within seven days occurred in approximately 0.2% of patients [12]. Serious complications were similarly rare, with pain occurring in 2% of patients, hemo‐ peritoneum occurring in 0.04%, and hemobilia occurring in 0.01% [12]. Similarly, studies of allograft liver biopsies demonstrate a mortality rate of up to 0.2%, and a rate of major com‐ plications between 0.2% and 1.8% [13]. While early studies suggested an increased risk of post-biopsy sepsis in patients with Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy, subsequent studies show that the risk is similar to patients with a duct-to-duct anastomosis [14].
