**8. Conclusions**

As such, the features of prostate cancer, including long latency, high prevalence, significant mortality and morbidity, combined with the already accepted use of CAM, in particular n-3 PUFA presents an excellent opportunity for nutritional intervention. However, until we unravel this controversial enigma of how n-3 PUFA affects prostate cancer, much remains to be explored and examined. More research is required to support or refute the value of n-3 PUFA in prostate cancer. And thus the search continues as to how one should proceed with fatty acid intake, including supplementation, as a prophylactic or therapeutic. Currently there is not enough evidence to discount the noted beneficial effects of n-3 PUFA intake to prevent heart disease as they seem to outweigh any harm related to prostate cancer risk [40]. However, further research is required to clarify the precise mechanisms of n-3 PUFA and its role in human disease, in particular cancer. Without such, we cannot develop novel strategies for n-3 PUFA to target molecular pathways (inflammatory or other involved processes) in the prevention, development or treatment of prostate cancer or other cancers. Expansion of research in this area is warranted.
