**2. Historical sense of the term "pulmonary - renal syndrome"**

The first mention on pulmonary-renal syndrome is dated to year 1919 when the "father of viral pathology" in the United States Dr. Ernest William Goodpasture (1886 – 1960) published his work "The Significance of Certain Pulmonary Lesions in Relation to the Etiology of Influenza in American Journal of the Medical Sciences [5]. He described two cases from more than fifty autopsies where in patients dying in the great flu pandemic (Spanish flu) no bacterial etiology was confirmed. In one of the two patients massive alveolar hemorrhage and fulminant glomerulonephritis were present. It was never discovered what underlying disease other than influenza this patient may have had. Human influenza virus was described fourteen years later by Laidlaw and coworkers [6]. In 1958 two Australian scientists Stanton and Tange in the discussion of their paper analyzed Goodpasture´s old finding and associated pulmonary hemorrhage with glomerulonephritis with the name of Dr. Goodpasture, as Goodpasture syndrome [7]. According to the biography written by Collins (2010), E. Goodpasture did not approve the association of his name with this syndrome [8]. In 1967 the discovery of anti-GBM antibodies were associated with Goodpasture nephritis [9].

At present pulmonary-renal syndrome broadened the family of diseases, where diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and immune crescent glomerulonephritis are participating. Therefore, it is not possible to say only glomerular basement membrane (Goodpasture) disease means pulmonary-renal syndrome. The term pulmonary-renal syndrome should be associated with the term pulmonary-renal vasculitic syndromes [10].
