**5. Conclusions**

In some patients (6,86 %), the course of the disease and the character of neurologic mani‐ festations (acute outset, temperature reaction, rigidity of neck muscles, fading of reflexes, inflammation of CLS, etc), Lyme Borreliosis was very similar to TBVE, especially in its encephalopoliomyelitic manifestations, which lead to the preliminary diagnosis of TBVE, which was not confirmed by the further serologic tests. Similar indicators of the disease are observed in some regions of Russia [17], but are manifested very rarely in patients

The presence of causative agents of different diseases (TBVE, ITBB, HGA) in parazyte systems, common vectors (*I. ricinus* and *D. reticulatus* ticks) and host-reservoirs (*Myodes glareolus* and *Sorex araneus* etc) with certain residing areas of each, predetermine similarities in epidemio‐ logic structure of these infections. It is proved that one ixodid tick can contain 5-7 pathogenes at the same time [18]. The main social factors, predetermining the main features of TBVE, ITTB and HGA are also similar. Given all these facts, it may cause regular simultaneous infectioning

Retrospective analysis showed that the considerable part of cases with the preliminary diag‐ nosis of TBVE, was, in fact, the cases of neuroborreliosis, including mixed infections of

from other countries.

156 Encephalitis

**4.6. Mixed infections of TBVE-ITBB**

of people with several causative agents.

**Figure 7.** Connected natural foci of ITBB and TBVE in Volyn oblast

TBVE and neuroborreliosis.


**7.** There were numerous combined natural tick-borne mixed infections foci detected: TBVE, ITBB, HGA. First time in Ukraine, there were cases of all possible combinations of mixed infections of these nosologic forms found.

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Active Natural Foci of Tick-Borne Neuroinfections in the North-West Region of Ukraine

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**8.** The findings of our study serve as a theoretic base for the surveillance over the extremely dangerous natural foci infections in the country, implementation of anti-epidemic and preventive measures into the practice of a health care system, search for the new approach to diagnostic, prevention and treatment of these infectious diseases.
