**5. District (province) wise JE cases recorded during the year 2011:**

#### **Bhaktapur District**

**Scheme 2.** Map 2. JE outbreak cases in Nepal during the year 2011; Source: Joshi, et al., 2012.

60 Encephalitis

#### **Bhaktapur hospital sees surge in Japanese encephalitis (viral fever) patients**

The number of viral fever patients has increased in most of the hospitals in Bhaktapur dis‐ trict coinciding with the change in weather. Many people suffering from viral fever have been coming to the hospitals and health centre in the district. Along with the upsurge in the number of viral fever patients, the number of people suffering from typhoid and jaundice has also increased according to the District Public Health Office, Bhaktapur.

Superintendent at the Bhakatapur Hospital, Dr. Indra Prajapati said the diseases might take epidemic proportion if timely measures are not taken. Health Official in the district say the spread of viral fever is also because patients in the rural areas of the district have the habit of only taking paracetamol tablets that they buy at local drug stores instead of visiting the doc‐ tors for a thorough check-up. As many as 100 people suffering from fever come to the Bhak‐ tapur Hospital daily for treatment, and many of them only after advanced stage of the disease. The District Public Health Offices said on an average 500 patients suffering from vi‐ ral fever are said to come to the hospitals, medicals, health centre and drug stores through‐ out the district in a day. **(Sources: Rising Nepal 2011 August 15, 2068)**

picked up asthma, diabetes and heart related problems. Thapa said that the people who got

Review on Japanese Encephalitis Outbreak Cases in Nepal During the Year 2011

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/52422

63

Doctors informed that Padam Nursing Home, Charak Hospital and Fewa City Hospital reg‐ istered the large number of patients. Thapa said that as the viral fever was a communicable disease, many persons were easily infected with the flu. Since last few days the people of Syangja, Tanahu, Parbat, Lamjung and other adjoining districts have been suffering from the

When the local hospitals of these districts couldn't stand the pressure of the patients, they rec‐ ommended patients for the hospital of Pokhara. Likewise, the number of viral flu patients is in‐

GauriShanker Campus of the district remained close for Sunday when the principal viceprincipal of the campus caught the flu of viral fever. Health worker at the Primary Health Centre Charikot Shanti Neupane said that viral fever was pandemic in both the urban and

Bara, 29 Mangsir, two children were dead in Bara last night. According to local person, Ga‐ jendra Kumar, son of Upendra Jaiswal and Aman Kumar of Lal Babu Prasad Jaiswal were dead during treatment at national medical college Birgunj. They were referred to national medical college. JE is caused by mosquitoes – borne viral fever. **(Sources: Annapurna Post**

Viral fever is said to be raging in Damauli and it's surrounding areas over the past few days. Damauli Hospital and private clinics are receiving an increasing flow of patients since the start of the Nepali month of Shrawan. Out of total 200 patients that the hospital receives dai‐ ly, around 100 are the patients of viral fever. The situation inside the Damauli jail is worri‐ some. Out of 95 inmates serving jail sentence, 75 are suffering from viral fever. The spread of viral fever has prompted the Department of Health to send a team of health officials said

Arghakhanchi, District hospital was fully occupied due to large number of viral fever and pneu‐ monia cases. Due to large number cases and lack of beds, patients are being treated on floor.

Patients have admitted forty to fifty within one week of time. There are only 15 beds but 40 to 50 patients are sick, hospital informed that more than 30 patients are being treated on the floor. Children are sicker than other age group; this age groups belong to 1 to 2 yrs. According to Chief,

creasing in Dolakha. Especially the children and elderly people are infected with the flu.

rural areas of the district this year**. (Sources: Rising Nepal, August 15, 2011)**

viral fever and typhoid and the flu is developing into the pandemic.

infected the immediate medical treatment.

**Two children dead due to Japanese encephalitis**

**Japanese encephalitis (viral fever) regime in Damauli**

the Districts Public Health Office. **(Source: Rising Nepal, July 23, 2011)**

**Japanese encephalitis (viral fever) and Pneumonia outbreak**

**Bara District**

**December 16, 2011)**

**Arghakhanchi District**

**Tanahun District**

#### **Kathmandu District**

#### **Illness due to Japanese encephalitis Vaccine**

Kathmandu: Debaki Bhandari, 48 yrs of 13 Kavre Panauti, became ill after taking vaccine. According to Doctor, she became ill after taking vaccine immediately. Shir Memorial Hospi‐ tal of Banepa referred her to Kathmandu for treatment.

#### **Student became ill due to viral (Japanese encephalitis) disease**

Benighat 9, almost students of Orbang Primary School became ill. After unable to go to school, health assistant Kashiram and ANM SunitaThapa visited their home and treated them. Accord‐ ing to health assistant, Kashiram Sharma of Beni Health Post, out of 77 sick students, 15 had neck problems, 12 had viral fevers and remaining was normal condition. This was due to climatic changes and poor sanitation, he added. **(Source: Kantipur, 20th October 2011)**

#### **Chitwan District**

#### **Japanese encephalitis (viral fever) identified as influenza AH3**

INFLUENZA AH3 virus has been linked with a viral fever outbreak in Chitwan, health offi‐ cials said. Blood samples collected from various parts of the district tested positive for the Influenza AH3. Ram Kumar KC of the vector control programme of District Public Heath Office (DPHO) said apart from influenza AH3, Japanese encephalitis was also detected in some patients.

"We didn't have any encephalitis case last year," he said. According to the DPHO, over 1,500 people suffering from viral fever visited major hospitals in Chitwan in the last three weeks. Most of the patients were in the 16-50 years age bracket. Health officials warned that the number of patients could rise in the coming days. **(Sources: Kathmandu Post, August 19, 2011)**

#### **Kaski District**

#### **Japanese encephalitis (viral fever) grips Pokhara**

The pressure of patients at Western Regional Hospital and health posts in Pokhara is alarm‐ ingly increasing owing to flu of typhoid and viral fever for past few days. Among the total number of the patients visiting the health posts, 35-40 per cent of them are suffering from typhoid and viral fever, said the hospital.

Buddhi Bahadur Thapa, Medical Superintendent of the hospital said the number of typhoid and viral fever patients increased during the change of season. Most of the patients are suf‐ fering from fever, cough and common cold, he added.

As the infection of common cold and fever increasing across the district, the number of pa‐ tients visiting the private hospitals and taking medicine from pharmacies are increasing from the past few days. Informing that some patients who suffer from the viral fever also picked up asthma, diabetes and heart related problems. Thapa said that the people who got infected the immediate medical treatment.

Doctors informed that Padam Nursing Home, Charak Hospital and Fewa City Hospital reg‐ istered the large number of patients. Thapa said that as the viral fever was a communicable disease, many persons were easily infected with the flu. Since last few days the people of Syangja, Tanahu, Parbat, Lamjung and other adjoining districts have been suffering from the viral fever and typhoid and the flu is developing into the pandemic.

When the local hospitals of these districts couldn't stand the pressure of the patients, they rec‐ ommended patients for the hospital of Pokhara. Likewise, the number of viral flu patients is in‐ creasing in Dolakha. Especially the children and elderly people are infected with the flu.

GauriShanker Campus of the district remained close for Sunday when the principal viceprincipal of the campus caught the flu of viral fever. Health worker at the Primary Health Centre Charikot Shanti Neupane said that viral fever was pandemic in both the urban and rural areas of the district this year**. (Sources: Rising Nepal, August 15, 2011)**
