**2. Anatomical basis**

It is considered that incorrect anatomical relationships lead to disruptions in the direction of aqueous humour flow [4,19]. The place of increased resistance may be located at the level of the iris-lens, ciliary-lens, iris-hyaloid, and ciliary-hyaloid block [4,20]. Structures that are particularly related to the development of malignant glaucoma and its clinical picture:

Sclera – a thick sclera may lead to partial stenosis of the vortex veins, impairing normal ve‐ nous outflow and causing overfilling of the choroid [21], as stated in eyes with malignant glaucoma [22]. Opening of the anterior chamber during surgery, which causes lowering of IOP, together with possible movements of the irido-lenticular diaphragm can trigger a ma‐ lignant glaucoma mechanism in such eyes.

Lens – the exciting cause for malignant glaucoma in many cases is a lens that is too large for the eye [23]. Disproportions between its volume and the volume of the entire eyeball can oc‐ cur; furthermore, particular anatomical relationships between the anterior vitreous, ciliary processes, and the lens foster the occurrence of malignant glaucoma [4,19].

Choroid – the choroid has a lobular structure with a tendency for accumulation of blood and thickening when outflow is impaired. Secondary, ciliary body and iris rotate to the front in patients with malignant glaucoma [24], closing access to the filtration angle from the back.

Vitreous body – Slit-lamp examination of the vitreous may reveal optically clear areas with‐ in the vitreous body – reservoirs of aqueous humour trapped in its gel structure [3], which may be confirmed on ultrasound [25]. In aphakic eyes, the anterior surface of the vitreous body may directly adhere to the ciliary processes [3].

The anterior and posterior chambers and their relationship – total obliteration of the posteri‐ or chamber by the vitreous and a highly resistant hyaloid membrane may be observed in aphakic and pseudophakic eyes [26].
