**Author details**

**14.2. Complications**

500 Glaucoma - Basic and Clinical Aspects

**14.3. Outcomes**

**15. CyPass**

**16.1. Outcomes**

**17. Summary**

open angle glaucoma.

of the device and conversion to trabeculectomy.

exacerbation of diabetic macular oedema [114].

**16. Ciliary body endophotocoagulation (ECP)**

pushed forward between the intraocular lens implant and the iris

GDD had a higher complication rate than ECP [116].

The most serious complication is the perforation of the trabeculum during insertion of the arms

Dietlein et al [111] reported good hypotensive effect with fewer antiglaucoma drops of the Eyepass combined with phacoemulsification in patients with pseudoexfoliation and primary

The Cypass is a polyamide implant 6mm long with a 300 µm diameter that is inserted ab interno in the suprachoroidal space with a specially designed inserter. It is inserted through the main incision of cataract surgery following clear cornea phacoemulsification [112]. Lanchulev et al reported IOP reduction from 22.9 mmHg to 16.2 mmHg after 6 months in eyes that underwent phacoemulsification and Cypass insertion [113]. Craven et al reported that the most common adverse effects are: hyphaema, persistent inflammation, branch retinal vein occlusion and

Photocoagulation of the ciliary body processes is done by a 810 nm semiconductor diode laser. The endoscope carries the viewing system, the laser system and the light source. The procedure can be applied via a pars plana approach or from corneal incision. The treatment is applied over 360°. When it is delivered through a corneal incision it can follow phacoemulsification as the removal of the crystalline lens offers easier access to the ciliary processes. The probe is

Phaco-ECP provides good control of the IOP in early/moderate glaucoma over time with no ECP related complications [115]. This study also suggests that phaco-ECP offers an additional hypotensive effect to phacoemulsification alone. Lima et al compared ECP with Ahmed GDD in the treatment of refractory glaucoma and found no differences in the success rate. Ahmed

Phaco-trabeculectomy remains the standard procedure for the management of coexisting cataract and glaucoma. Newer techniques have been developed in order to avoid entering the

Vassilis Kozobolis, Aristeidis Konstantinidis\* and Georgios Labiris

\*Address all correspondence to: aristeidiskon@hotmail.com

Eye department, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Alexandroupolis, Greece
