**Author details**

dialysis treatment). There is also evidence that patients who receive a preemptive transplant have a longer graft survival than patients who remain on dialysis before the transplant. In the past, only genetically related individuals were considered to be potential donors; however, the use of unrelated kidney donors is increasing and the recipients of these kidneys have a

The organ donor candidate must be an adult with the ability to decide, should have an affective relationship with the recipient and be free from coercion. He should be healthy from both a medical and psychic viewpoint and should be informed about the risks and benefits of

**Figure 22.** Split-bolus CT-Urography with MIP reconstruction allows evaluation of pelvicaliceal system and ureters fully

distended, as well as renal parenchyma, in a potential kidney-donor.

better graft survival than recipients of deceased kidney donors [97, 98].

50 Current Issues and Future Direction in Kidney Transplantation

donation [99].

Valdair Francisco Muglia1 , Sara Reis Teixeira1 , Elen Almeida Romão2 , Marcelo Ferreira Cassini3 , Murilo Ferreira de Andrade3 , Mery Kato4 , Maria Estela Papini Nardin1 and Silvio Tucci Jr3

1 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Radiology, University of Sao Paulo, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto – SP, Brazil

2 Division of Nephrology, University of Sao Paulo, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto – SP, Brazil

3 Division of Urology, University of Sao Paulo, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto – SP, Brazil

4 Section of Nuclear Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto – SP, Brazil
