Preface

The invariable motif for analog design is to explore the new circuit topologies, architectures, and CAD technologies as well as the traditional circuit and layout optimization to overcome the design challenges coming from the new applications and new fabrication technologies.

The ADC design is explored with new architecture for bio-medical application in the chapter **A Successive Approximation ADC using PWM Technique for Bio-Medical aApplications**, the RFIC design is explored with one of the future mainstream fabrication process in the chapter **Radio Frequency IC Design with Nanoscale DG-MOSFETs** , the circuit synthesis for one of the key analog module circuit is explored in the chapter **Memetic Method for Passive Filters Design,** one of the analog circuit analysis technologies is explored in the chapter **Interval Methods for Analog Circuits,** and the fault diagnosis method is explored in the chapter **Fault Diagnosis in Analog Circuits via Symbolic Analysis Techniques.**

In the chapter **A Successive Approximation ADC using PWM technique for bio-medical applications** a new architecture for a SAR A/D converter using the PWM technique in the internal DAC stage is presented; the proposed architecture aims to eliminate the process mismatches and thus minimize the errors. In order to validate this architecture, a 4bit A/D converter has been simulated on Spectre simulator using BSIM3v3 model for a 0.5um CMOS process. The power consumption is only 16mW for a power supply of 2.5V. The sample rate was limited to 200Hz, regarding the circuit design and the maximum frequency achieved by the CMOS process.

The chapter **Radio Frequency IC Design with Nanoscale DG-MOSFETs** presents an exhaustive collection of DG-MOSFET based analog radio frequency integrated circuits of LC oscillators, PA, LNA, RF Mixer, OOK Modulator, Envelope Detector and Charge Pump PFD for today's wireless communication, satellite navigation, sensor networks etc. Industry standard SPICE simulations show that such RFICs with nanoscale DG-MOSFETs can present the excellent performance.

In the chapter **Memetic Method for Passive Filters Design** the automated system for a passive filter circuits design was presented. The circuit's topology as well as its elements values is optimized together in the MGP system. Thanks to the deterministic algorithm of the local searching engaging (HJM), the speed of convergence to the well evaluated solutions during the evolutionary computations grows significantly and the values of the filter's elements are adjusted to the most fitted ones for an actual circuit topology.

In the chapter **Interval Methods for Analog Circuits**, for the calculating of the operating regions (solutions) for linear circuits, the circuits are described by linear interval equations with the circuit parameters done as the interval numbers, and an algorithm of iterative evaluation of the bounds of operating regions is presented to calculate multidimensional rectangular region bounding the set of operating points. For finding DC solutions of nonlinear, inertial-less circuits, the predictor-corrector method controls the corrector step with the sufficiently large predictor step and the corrector step not jumping to another continuation path during solving the points of continuation path of a nonlinear equation; and Krawczyk operator is used in n-dimensional box-searching of all solutions.

In the chapter **Fault Diagnosis in Analog Circuits via Symbolic Analysis Techniques** a generalized fault diagnosis and verification approach for linear analog circuits was discussed. A symbolic method is proposed to solve the testability problem during the detection and location of the multiple faults in a linear analog circuit in frequency domain, then to exactly evaluate the faulty parameter deviations.

Enjoy the book!

**Yuping Wu** Professor Institute of Microelectronics of CAS Beijing, China

**Section 1**
