**38. Anticarcinogenicdaidzein-rich fraction**

**34. Lunasin**

Relationships

250

teins by Western blot analysis [37].

**35. Pti1 homologue**

**36. Glysojanin**

Lunasin, a chemopreventive soybean peptide, suppresses transformation of mammalian cells induced by chemical carcinogens and inhibits skin carcinogenesis in mice. All lunasin fractions partially purified by anion exchange and immunoaffinity column chromatography inhibit colony formation induced by the ras-oncogene and inhibit core H3-histone acetyla‐ tion. The peptide is found in different soybean varieties and commercially available soy pro‐

A Comprehensive Survey of International Soybean Research - Genetics, Physiology, Agronomy and Nitrogen

A full-length Pti1-like gene GmPti1, encoding a protein of 366 amino acids with a Ser/Thr/Tyr kinase domain, was identified from soybean in an EST sequencing project by its homology to to‐ mato Pti1. GmPti1 expression was inducible by wounding and salicylic acid. GmPti1 protein was expressed in *E. coli* as an MBP fusion, purified by amylase resin and examined for its auto‐ phosphorylation ability. GmPti1 exhibited kinase activity in the presence of Mn2+ ions [38].

A monomeric 25-kDa antifungal protein designated as glysojanin, with an N-terminal se‐ quence resembling a segment of chitin synthase, was isolated from the seeds of the black soybean Glycine soja. The protein demonstrated potent antifungal activity against the fungi

poration by mouse spleen cells with an IC50 of 175 M, translation in the rabbit reticulocyte

Syringolide elicitors produced by bacteria expressing *Pseudomonas syringae* pv. glycinea aviru‐ lence gene D (avrD) induce hypersensitive cell death (HCD) only in soybean (*Glycine max* [L.] Merr.) plants carrying the Rpg4 disease resistance gene. Employing a differential display meth‐ od, we isolated 13 gene fragments induced in cultured cells of a soybean cultivar Harosoy (Rpg4) treated with syringolides. Several genes for isolated fragments were induced by syringolides in an rpg4 cultivar Acme as well as in Harosoy; however, the genes for seven fragments designat‐ ed as SIH (for syringolide-induced/HCD associated) were induced exclusively or strongly in Harosoy. cDNA clones for SIH genes were obtained from a cDNA library of Harosoy treated with syringolide. Several sequences are homologous to proteins associated with plant defense responses. The SIH genes did not respond to a non-specific beta-glucan elicitor, which induces phytoalexin accumulation but not HCD, suggesting that the induction of the SIH genes is specif‐

lysate with an IC50 of 20 M, and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase with an IC50 of 47 M [39].

H]thymidine incor‐

*Fusarium oxysporum* and *Mycosphaerella arachidicola*. It inhibited [methyl-3

**37. Syringolide-induced/ HCD associated proteins**

Partial purification of the methanol extract of soybean powder, by employing solvent frac‐ tionation and silica gel chromatography, yielded an active fraction rich in daidzein with an active component(s) that enhanced HL-60 cell differentiation. The fraction appeared to exert cytotoxic activity via an apoptotic pathway as evidenced by DNA fragmentation and cas‐ pase-3 induction. It also upregulated TGF-beta2 expression, but did not affect the expression of other members of the TGF-beta family of cytokines and their receptors, or on the expres‐ sion of the vascular endothelial growth factor gene [41].
