**1. Introduction**

Green energy and renewable energy are one of the most essential fundamentals for future developments of countries all over the world. Running out of fossil fuels in near future, makes the use of renewable energies almost inevitable. Evaluation of the capability of using these types of energies is an essential issue at present. Extreme dependency of mankind to the limited energy resources is both dangers and unsustainable and finding a way out is one of the most important challenges that we face. Achieving some unlimited energy sources has been human's dream. Daily increase of energy demands and limitation of fossil energy resources from one side, and increase of environmental pollutants caused by using these resources in the other side, has made application of renewable energies more essential and widespread. The wind, as one of the climatological factors has a wide effects on agriculture, transport, pollution, energy, manufacturing and industrial plans. Wind power is one of the first energy sources discovered by humans. It is applied for different purposes such as power source for ship movement, irrigation and milling in some countries such as Iran and China. However, construction of wind power plants would make this type of energy more applicable. Nowa‐ days, coal, oil and gas are the main resources to provide energy. In recent years, an increasing trend in price of the mentioned materials has become vivid due to the globalization and political events and mostly because of water crises. These increasing prices make us to find an appropriate solution to decrease the expenses and increasing the stability. Furthermore, renewable energies are considered as available, exchangeable and inexhaustible resources. New energies are available until these resources exist. Wind energy is used in two ways, first in direct way in which the wind is applied for drying and ventilation, and secondly, the wind is utilized indirectly for milling the grains, to pump water to the fields and to generate

© 2013 Fakhry et al.; licensee InTech. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. © 2013 Fakhry et al.; licensee InTech. This is a paper distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

electricity. The evidence shows that in some countries such as Iran, Iraq, Egypt, China, Italy, Spain, the wind energy has been used for milling and irrigation. According to IPCC special report on renewable energy sources and decreasing the climate change damages, there is an increasing trend in the magnitude of the wind power plants from 17 meters high and 75 kilowatts in 1980 decade to 80 meters high and 1800 kilowatts in 2005-2010. It is predicted that the size of these generators should be 250 meters high and 20000 kilowatts in future years which is clarifying the increasing trend of application of this green energy. An important challenge in front of this kind of power plants is the uncertainty in accessible capacity of electrical power. This problem has been caused by random nature of effective factors such as random variation in mechanical forces generating wind power. In other words, due to the continuous variations in meteorological and climatological conditions, the wind speed, duration, density and power are randomly changing. Thus, for using its power, it is necessary to study the windy conditions in the area and statistical data reported by meteorology centers. However, the analysis of such large amount of data recorded in meteorology centers to estimate the mechanical power input of wind power plants is not possible except using some applied methods. Obviously, the study of the behavior and speed of winds will lead to more accurate estimation of accessible capacity in wind power plants. Moreover, spatial analysis of this climatological phenomenon will provide some essential knowledge about the areas with potential capacity of constructing wind power plants. The frequency analysis is an operative tool in assessing this aim. This study is going to describe these materials and their effects on regionalization of wind speed under effect of climate change.

**Results Paper Type Location Scenarios Model References**

Case study USA A1b, A2 4 GCM

2 scenarios CCM

HWIND and SIMA

Wind Speed Regionalization Under Climate Change Conditions

Case study Indian A2 CGCM3 Deepthi and Deo (2010)


Texas and California

Sailor et al. (2008) In order to create the scenarios of changes in power density under climate change, a method is

Case study Finland A2

15 – 30 % wind speed growth Case study Brazil A1B HADCM3 Pereira et al. (2012)

Case study

developed for mapping the daily-resolution downscaled GCM output to the hourly level. The model results for either of the SRES scenarios were similar. In most cases, the impacts of the A2 scenario were slightly larger than those for the A1B scenario, but these inter-scenario differences were smaller than the inter-model differences, even after downscaling.

> Review Paper

Sailor et al. (2000)

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/55985

217

Peltola et al. (2010)

Pryor and Barthelmie (2010)

include improved estimates of vulnerabilities in the wind power site






**Table 1.** Wind speed investigations in future period

there is an evidence for small magnitude changes in the wind resource and increases in extreme wind speeds, and the declines in sea

ice and icing frequencies.

climate impacts.

downscaling.

selection decision process. -ANN and statistical downscaling -A2 is preferred to A1b changes in daily mean wind speeds at each location and they are presented and discussed with respect to potential implications for wind power

generation.
