**8. Designer**

134 Industrial Design – New Frontiers

The assembly system can also be organized as single point. Together they enable all kinds of arrangements, for instance a line system with sub-lines and a single point workstation. Product aspects are identified as activities which are essential for a successful product. The hot topics for product aspects are sustainability, integration, embodiment design, healthy environment, feasibility, inter action, sound, etc. The topic embodiment design justify the possibility of making and the decisions are made in the uncertainty stage where it gets more

Time is money; however, the time available to create a successful product is always under pressure. But the "the first time right" principle is only possible if during the creativity and making processes, sufficient time is available for design development and manufacturing. Individual interests and short term successes are undermining the development of a

Product Management is about managing your products; manage what you offer to your customers at more or less fixed conditions. A product involves a more or less fixed outcome which encounters more or less stable, but at least pre-agreed terms to your customers. A product manager has the responsibility for the success of the product that means all the stakeholders will be served with the right tasks and budgets to get the product on the market in competitive way. Embodiment design is the base for an efficient product design

Ulrich and Eppinger (2004) assign the next meaning to design: the design function plays the lead role in defining the physical form of the product to meet costumer best needs, these are also the embodiment task. The design function includes engineering design (mechanical, electrical, software, etc) and industrial design (aesthetics, ergonomics, user interfaces, etc.). Design changes the world, however, before that happens many strategic product development decisions have to be made and the bodies are getting the form and geometry of the parts and product with embodiment design. But the design on itself does not change the world. The designer has the human instinct that every problem could be transformed to a design problem which may enclose a design revolution solution.(Pilliton 2009) mentioned in the book "Design Revolution". A great number of design solutions that have changed the world in different areas such as: water, well being, energy, education, mobility, playing,

In the innovative Design Solution model of an existing product or concept design, the main design aspects can adopt the innovative character of an aspect or combination for embodiment design. The goal will be a new product design that is needed on the market. For innovation in application of materials, the easiest way is to search for successful design

The trade-off between design time and money evokes questions such as "how much time is available for Design?" The available design time should be used efficiently, also for embodiment design stage. The time management is a prerequisite to put the products to the market in time and within the budget. Time management involves time to market and time for designing and embodiment design for a good design. You have to plan and manage the whole embodiment design. It is necessary for the overall process as well as the design process. Time management costs time and money. However, a good balance between financing and designing is a must for a company. More design time may lead to better

applications, because experience with innovative material use starts at that moment.

process, but the product management should be on the same quality.

certainty.

**7. Design** 

enterprises, etc.

successful product.

The designer is a human being with the ability to create products which the market needs with embodiment design in mind. The industrial designer needs input from art, social, cultural and technology knowledge and experience to be able to make a product design see figure 12.

Furthermore, the designer should have creativity, inspiration, motivation and emotion. These qualities enable an energized transition which can be done by the industrial designer who is using embodiment design aspects that may lead to a predictable product design.

Fig. 12. Black box model of the industrial designer

The fundamental needs of the designer are conditioning and contact. For every need, we can distinguish three levels of interaction, which are shown in table 2. These needs are expected from the prospective designer during his or her education. Embodiment design demands all relational needs to meet on a well designed product with high expectation, these relational needs should be fulfilled.


Table 2. The matrix of the designer relational need (after interpretation of Nuttin, 1984)

Product Design with Embodiment Design as a New Perspective 137

enrollment and have the opportunity to their skills. However, the designers have to form themselves during the design projects which they are following in the bachelor and master

Knowledge

Communication

Design training Prospective designer Design education

Fig. 14. The relation of the prospective designer and design education at his institute

The engineering database has three main goals within the educational context:

3. the retrieved information should inspire the industrial designer

inspiring the designer will decrease, which is shown in figure 15.

Fig. 15. Curve of the response time versus inspiration

High

**Inspiration** 

Low

In the embodiment design stage it is a possibility to orientate on the design problem to solve the design problem with knowledge from an engineering database that can inspire the

In design education enormous quantities of design information are generated in all kinds of courses and design projects. This information can be useful as an inspiration source for future design assignments. Thus, storing this design information is practical, if it can be quickly retrieved. Quick searching of design information is a need, if a designer wants to use the information for fulfilling a new design task. The data processing should be fast and reliable. For this reason, the input of product design information must be correct. This intensifies the need for structure and unambiguous data in product design information. The stored design information must be reviewed regularly to check whether the information is still up-to-date. The size of the database may be large; however, it is only useful if the information is up-to-date. The search time should not be too long, otherwise the chances of

Short Long **Response time**

program.

designer.

**9. Engineering database** 

1. storing of design information 2. quick retrieval of information

These are all design elements which bring the designer in an environment where he can create the innovative product designs in the embodiment design stage. Knowledge, experience and skills are the qualities of the designer which are fed by personal designer needs, inspiration which stimulates creativity; structure of design process plays, an important role in the designer life, education of developments on different design areas and the culture of living and designing. The hierarchy of designer needs have also been defined on Maslow (1970). It starts with the basic needs (knowledge, methods and tools) and the highest need is design research, see figure 13. Nowadays embodiment design is used on conceptual design level so the designer has to follow education that trained on the level of acting. The prospective designers have to develop themselves to fulfill the needs of concept design, which is mostly found in design programs at university level.

Fig. 13. Hierarchy of designer needs based on Maslow

The industrial designer can follow a certain path of education at a design school. During the educational program the industrial designer typically starts with the basic knowledge and progresses step by step in the hierarchy of the designer needs. An autodidact can follow these steps in his or her tempo, but gaining an overview of the right competences from each step costs much more time. Nowadays, the advice is to take a design course or apply for a design program, which is a more effective for the development to be a designer.

Embodiment design is mostly not offered exclusively but in the form of design courses with accents on embodiment design for example Advanced Design Project in master program of the industrial design engineering school in Delft.

The prospective designer applies for a degree in Industrial Design Engineering. He follows the program and has certain expectations of design education. These expectations are based on three main design capabilities: knowledge of design, communication of design and training, see figure 14.

Sometimes there is a great difference between the design program and the expectation of the prospective designer. If a selection is necessary by abounded of application, the offered program will match better the expectations? The applicants are more motivated for their enrollment and have the opportunity to their skills. However, the designers have to form themselves during the design projects which they are following in the bachelor and master program.

Fig. 14. The relation of the prospective designer and design education at his institute
