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*Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China* 

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (51003043).

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**Chapter 7** 

© 2013 Xi et al., licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use,

distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2013 Xi et al., licensee InTech. This is a paper distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

**Probing the Interaction Between Cellulose** 

Jun Xi, Wenjian Du, and Linghao Zhong

**1.1. Cellulose and cellulose biomass** 

**Figure 1.** Molecular structure of a cellulose molecule.

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/50285

**1. Introduction** 

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

hemiacetal. On its non-reducing end, it has a hydroxyl group.

**and Cellulase with a Nanomechanical Sensor** 

A cellulose molecule is a linear polymer of D-anhydroglucopyranose units linked by β-1, 4 glucosidic bonds (Figure 1). On its reducing end, a cellulose molecule has an unsubstituted

Cellulose is the skeleton structure of almost all green plants. It is particularly abundant in non-food plants like trees and grasses, which typically have 40-60% cellulose, 20-40% hemicellulose, and 10-25% lignin (Lynd et al., 2002; Yang et al., 2007). There are four major polymorphs of cellulose: I, II, III, and IV. Cellulose I, often found in native cellulose, contains allomorphs Iα (bacteria and algae) and Iβ (higher plants) (Kontturi et al., 2006; Pérez & Samain, 2010). Cellulose I, when treated with a concentrated alkaline solution, turns into cellulose II, a thermodynamically more stable crystalline form than cellulose I. Cellulose IIII can be obtained when cellulose microcrystal is subjected to supercritical ammonia. The structure of another allomorph of cellulose III, IIIII is still being debated. Cellulose IVI and

IVII are formed when cellulose IIIis heated in glycerol at 260°C (Peter, 2001).

