Preface

Optoelectronics, as the discipline devoted to the study and application of electronic devices that emit, detect, and otherwise control light, has widely proliferated around the world and enabled many of today's modern conveniences. Despite this ubiquity, new applications and novel optical phenomena continue to drive innovation. Accordingly, there is a need to compile advances and new achievements for specialists and all who are interested. Thus InTech – Open Access Publisher has developed this offering, Optoelectronics – Book II, as the second part of the InTech collection of international works on optoelectronics.

As with the first book Optoelectronics - Materials and Techniques, edited by Professor P. Predeep, this book covers recent achievements by specialists around the world. With pleasure we note the growing number of countries participating in this endeavor including Brazil, Canada, China, Egypt, France, Germany, India, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Moldova, Morocco, Netherlands, Portugal, Romania, Saudi Arabia, South Korea, Taiwan, Ukraine, USA, and Vietnam.

Our joint participation in this book and writing of one of its Chapters also testifies to the unifying effect of science. We started this book from the Chapter entitled "Advanced Light Emissive Device Structures" which highlights the progression in properties of a unique collection of aged GaP crystals grown over 50 years ago and now exhibit very interesting optoelectronics features and offer fundamental insights into solid state physics over such time scales.

We purposely do not divide the book into separate sections, as I common, because many of the Chapters are devoted to differing aspects of optoelectronics, including materials and their characterization, through device structures and applications. However, we tried to gather chapters of similar theme are together. An interested reader will find in the book the description of properties and applications employing organic and inorganic materials, such as different polymers, oxides and semiconductors, as well as the methods of fabrication and analysis of operation and regions of application of modern optoelectronic devices.

We are grateful to the authors and hope that the contribution of authors and number of participating countries with continue to grow, while optoelectronics itself will be the object in permanent demand to further enhance human quality of life.

Editor:

**Chapter 1**

**Advanced Light Emissive Device Structures**

This Chapter contains our latest achievements on organic and inorganic light emitters for display and waveguide applications. Two simultaneous efforts are described and analyzed. The first is the application of some transparent polymers to photoactive device structures. The second area focuses on the fabrication of optoelectronically-important structures based on GaP nanoparticles and their composites. The choice of materials are further complemen‐ tary since they each are considered candidates for use in all optical circuits with commercial interest for light emitters, waveguides, converters, accumulators and other planar, fiber or

Three objectives have been fulfilled and are reported here: 1) the development of new tech‐ nologies for the preparation of nanocrystalline composite and GaP films; 2) the fabrication of novel optical planar light emissive structures for light emissive devices based on GaP/poly‐ mers nanocomposites; and 3) the generalization of experimental results from light emissive

Photoluminescence (PL), Raman light scattering (RLS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force and transmission electron microcopies (AFM and TEM) and other diagnostic methods have been used to characterize quality of GaP bulk and nanocrystals, GaP/polymers nanocompo‐ sites and to evaluate emissive efficiency of the obtained device structures. New solutions based on growth technique with use of modern analytical techniques were applied for

One of the main results described in the present Chapter is the creation and investigation of nanocomposite films based on GaP nanoparticles inserted into optically transparent polymers to prepare unique light emissive devices for optoelectronic applications. Differ‐ ent polymers were tested that combine the processability and durability of engineering

> © 2013 Pyshkin and Ballato; licensee InTech. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2013 Pyshkin and Ballato; licensee InTech. This is a paper distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons

growth and monitoring of semiconducting and composite films and fibers.

Sergei L. Pyshkin and John Ballato

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/52416

discrete micro-optic elements.

**1. Introduction**

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

GaP bulk crystals, nanoparticles and nanocomposites.

**Sergei L. Pyshkin**

Professor, Principal Investigator Institute of Applied Physics Academy of Sciences of Moldova Kishinev, Moldova Adjunct-Professor, Senior Fellow Clemson University South Carolina, USA

Co-editor: **John M. Ballato** Professor, Director Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies School of Engineering and Materials Science Clemson University South Carolina, USA
