**2. Main targets of the neuroactive compounds isolated from arthropod venoms**

Venom isolated from bee, scorpion and spider have been used to the treatment of various diseases in Chinese and Korean traditional medicine, such as epilepsy, stroke, facial paraly‐ sis, arthritis, rheumatism, back pain, cancerous, tumors, and skin diseases [8-10]. Moreover, venoms of arthropod animals have been used to study various physiopathological process‐ es, and also offer opportunity to design and develop new therapeutic drugs [3,11,12] .

Arthropod venoms are rich in biologically active substances with different physiological ac‐ tions, specially the neurotoxins. So far, identified neurotoxins generally comprise the classes of peptides or acylpolyamines, acting with affinity and specificity over excitatory or inhibi‐ tory neurotransmissions (for revision see [12]. The actions of these compounds include the interaction with Na+ , K+ and Ca2+ ion channels, agonism or antagonism of metabotropic and ionotropic receptors for neurotransmitters as the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. At the presynaptic level, several studies have shown the interaction of arthropod neurotoxins with protein transporters of neurotransmitters, resulting in the facilitation or inhibition of their uptake.
