**5. Minerals**

Considerable research on mineral requirements for nematodes has been reported in mamma‐ lian parasites. For example, the gastrointestinal nematode, *H. bakeri*, requires boron [70], zinc [71], and selenium [65] for survival. And, other nematodes have similar mineral requirements [72-74]. For example, magnesium, sodium, potassium, manganese, calcium and copper are required nutrients of *C. elegans* [5]. However, SCN mineral requirements remain unclear.

Whether minerals, influence nematode survival may not help in their control if necessary minerals are readily available in soil, and essential to the host organisms. But, elements not essential to survival of the host could be controlled in soils to help control SCN survival.
