**Author details**

Lizhao Liu and Jijun Zhao\*

\*Address all correspondence to: zhaojj@dlut.edu.cn

Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser, Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian Univer‐ sity of Technology), Ministry of Education, Dalian 116024, China

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**Section 2**

**Electrical and Biomedical Applications of Carbon**

**Nanotubes**

**Electrical and Biomedical Applications of Carbon Nanotubes**

**Chapter 13**

**Carbon Nanotubes for Use in Medicine: Potentials and**

Structurally, Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be viewed as wrapped from graphene sheets. Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have one layer of graphene sheet, whereas, the multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) contain multi layers of graphene sheets. The wellordered molecular structure brings CNTs many remarkable physical properties, such as, ex‐ cellent mechanic strength, ultrahigh surface area, high aspect ratio, distinct optical properties [1], and excellent electrical conductivity [2]. In last decade, CNTs are intensively explored for in-vitro and in-vivo delivery of therapeutics, which was inspired by an impor‐ tant finding that CNTs can penetrate cells by themselves without apparent cytotoxic effect to the cells [3]. The high aspect ratio makes CNTs outstanding from other types of round nanoparticles in that the needle-like CNTs allow loading large quantities of payloads along the longitude of tubes without affecting their cell penetration capability. With the adequate loading capacity, the CNTs can carry multifunctional therapeutics, including drugs, genes and targeting molecules, into one cell to exert multi-valence effects. In the other side, owing to the ultrahigh surface area along with the strong mechanical properties and electrically conductive nature, CNTs are excellent material for nanoscaffolds and three dimensional nanocomposites. In recent year, CNT-based devices have been successfully utilized in tissue engineering and stem cell based therapeutic applications, including myocardial therapy, bone formation, muscle and neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, owing to the distinct opti‐ cal properties of CNTs, such as, high absorption in the near-infrared (NIR) range, photolu‐ minescence, and strong Raman shift [4], CNTs are excellent agents for biology detection and imaging. Combined with high surface area of CNTs for attaching molecular recognition molecules, CNT-based, targeted nanodevices have been developed for selective imaging

> © 2013 Shao et al.; licensee InTech. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use,

© 2013 Shao et al.; licensee InTech. This is a paper distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

**Limitations**

**1. Introduction**

Wei Shao, Paul Arghya, Mai Yiyong, Laetitia Rodes and Satya Prakash

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/51785

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter
