**Author details**

**Treatments Control Neem II Neem III Karate I Karate II Biskaya**

**B**

**C**

**Treatments Control Neem II Neem III Karaate I Karate II Biskaya**

**Treatments Control Neem II Neem III Karaate I Karate II Biskaya**

net in winter wheat 2012. Different letters indicate significant differences.

**<sup>7</sup> Parasitized aphids**

**AB**

**B**

Different letters indicate significant differences.

**A**

**B**

**Treatments Control Neem II Neem III Karaate I Karate II Biskaya**

**C**

**AB**

**Conccinellids/ Net**

**B**

**Lacewings/ Net**

**0,0 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 2,5 3,0**

**Spider/ Net**

**Parasitoid wasps/ Net**

**Fig. 4 Mean of population ± SE of some natural enemies surveyed by sweep net after 2nd spray with different treatments in winter wheat 2012. Different letters indicate significant differences.**

**Figure 6.** Mean of population ± SE of some natural enemies treated with different treatments and surveyed by sweep

Agricultural sustainability requires a focus on the long run, on intergenerational equity. It must be capable of meeting the needs of the present while leaving equal or better opportunities for the future. It must be ecologically sound and socially responsible as well as economically viable. It must also include, as much as possible, the element of local or regional production, and aim for a reasonable level of regional food security. It encourages a shortening of the distance between producers and consumers, to the benefit of both. In a local economy consumers have influence over the kind and quality of their food; they contribute to the

Figure 6. Mean of population ± SE of some natural enemies treated with different treatments and surveyed by sweep net in winter wheat 2012.

Agricultural sustainability requires a focus on the long run, on intergenerational equity. It must be capable of meeting the needs of the present while leaving equal or better opportunities for the future. It must be ecologically sound and socially responsible as well as economically viable. It must also include, as much as possible, the element of local or regional production, and aim for a reasonable level of regional food security. It encourages a shortening of the distance between producers and consumers, to the benefit of both. In a local economy consumers have influence over the kind and quality of their food; they contribute to the preservation and enhancement of the local landscape. It gives everybody in the local community a direct, long-term interest in the

prosperity, health, and beauty of their homeland (Buchholz & Kreuels (2009); Shoeb 2010; Cabral et al. 2011).

**A B**

**A**

**Hoverflies** 

**AB**

**A**

**Staphylinids** 

**B**

**C**

**B**

**AB <sup>B</sup> AB <sup>A</sup>**

**B B**

**0,0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4**

**Treatments Control Neem II Neem III Karaate I Karate II Biskaya**

**AB**

**C C**

**C C**

**C C**

**Lacewings** 

**A**

**B**

**Spider**

**AB**

**B**

**Parasitoid wasps** 

**C**

**Treatments Control Neem II Neem III Karaate I Karate II Biskaya**

**Trteatments Control Neem II Neem III Karaate I Karate II Biskaya**

**B**

**BC**

**Treatments Control Neem II Neem III Karaate I Karate II Biskaya**

**0,5 Coccinellids** 

**A**

**A**

**AB**

**A**

**B**

**4 Dance flies** 

30 Insecticides - Development of Safer and More Effective Technologies

**AB**

**B**

**A**

**A**

**B**

**AB**

**Dance flies/ Net**

**Hoverflies/ Net**

**Staphylinids/ Net**

**0,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0**

**0,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0 1,2**

**Parasitized aphids/ Net**

Nabil El-Wakeil1,2, Nawal Gaafar1,2, Ahmed Sallam3 and Christa Volkmar2

\*Address all correspondence to: nabil.el-wakeil@landw.uni-halle.de

1 Pests & Plant Protection Dept. National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt

2 Institute of Agric. & Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany

3 Plant Protection Dept. Faculty of Agriculture, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
