**7. Future trends for the Bt technology**

and approval of use and consumption. In Brazil these analyses are made by the national technical Commission on Biosafety (CTNBio) and the approval of a product in one country does not guarantee that the same is approved in another. For example, the event MON810 (Yield Gard®) was approved in 1996 in the United States, in 1998 in Argentina and only in

For the use of Bt corn, just the producer, in addition to using the seeds of biotech corn, fulfill two rules: the coexistence, required by law, and the rule of Insect Resistance management

The coexistence rule requires the use of a 100 m isolating surround of transgenic maize plan‐ tations of corn to retain without transgenic contamination. Alternatively, you can use a sur‐ round of 20 m, provided they are sown maize transgenic not 10 ranks (equal-sized and

The CTNBiorecommendation for Insect Resistance management is the use of the area of refuge. This recommendation is the result of consensus that the cultivation of Bt corn in large areas will result in the selection of biotypes of target pests resistant to Bt toxins. Obviously, the monitoring of the infestation of plants is also important because, depend‐ ing on the used hybrid and intensity of infestation, the producer may need to adopt ad‐

The biggest concern with the use of Bt corn is on transgenic crops and coexistence of trans‐ genic crops do not. Coexistence is the set of agricultural practices allowing farmers grain production from conventional transgenic and organic crops, according to standards of puri‐ ty and to meet legal requirements for labeling. The adoption of the rules of coexistence is essential to preserve the freedom of choice of producers and consumers. Coexistence is also a topic particularly relevant when there is market incentive for the provision of non-trans‐ genic maize. Evidence of their practical viability is the coexistence of a considerable number

Showed that companies in possession of this technology must guide growers on the rules of coexistence. The producer also held technical information, stick to them proper‐

Information on packages of seed of Bt corn, there is a contract in which the producer, to open it, assumes the responsibility of following the rules of coexistence and the resistance management. Therefore, it is incumbent upon the producer responsibility of use of these rules. It is important to remember that the incorrect use of technology can take it to ineffec‐ tiveness in little time. If the producer is interested in paying more for Bt corn seed, is be‐ cause he believes in the benefits that this technology is bringing to your production system. Therefore, it must be motivated to use this technology in a responsible way (using the area

In relation to Bt cotton to China is the leader in this technology. In 2006 6.3 million farmers, or more than 60% of the number of farmers who have sown transgenic in the world in [42].

2007 in Brazil.

(MRI), recommended by (CTNBio).

512 Insecticides - Development of Safer and More Effective Technologies

ditional control measures.

ly and conscious.

transgenic maize cycle) isolating the area of transgenic maize.

of different varieties of open pollination still in use.

of refuge), to take ownership of this benefit for much longer.

The worst drought in more than half a century in corn-producing region of the United States should reduce the crop in that country at the lowest level in five years, where their stocks will be reduced to the lowest level in 17 years. The initial productivity is bad in the few fields harvested in areas of the Midwest, which represents 75 percent of the area with corn and soybeans in the United States. With this the world, returned his eyes to the Brazilian corn crop this year had one of the largest capacities of the whole story.

Brazilian agriculture won in the early 1980, an important milestone and helped the country to assume the rank among the major food producers in the world. Called when the off-sea‐ son summer pós-safra was used by the producers for the planting of corn seeds uncultivat‐ ed, and subsequently became part of the farmer's strategy to increase your productivity.

In the case of Bt crops (which produce a toxin in their cells), their adoption allowed a reduc‐ tion of 56 million kg of insecticides between 1996 and 2011. In General, the transgenic seed calculation led to decrease of 183 million tonnes in the use of pesticides. In Brazil, the Bt seed companies are also newly tolerant to herbicides, thereby opening a new path of effi‐ ciency in the management of pests and weeds, factors that interfere with productivity and

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Due to various factors the area planted with genetically modified seeds should reach 36, 6milhões hectares in the next harvest, second 1° monitoring of adoption of agricultural crop 2012/13. The forecast points to a 12.3% higher adoption in comparison to the previous year

The leadership in adopting biotechnology continues with soybeans, which must have 88.1% of crops with genetically Modified seeds, an area estimated at 23.9 million hectares. And corn, which begins to cultivate the fourth crop with transgenic hybrids, already approaching that level. The winter crop represents the second highest rate of adoption, with 87.8%, or 6.9 million hectares of transgenic seeds. In the case of the summer harvest, the adoption must

The cotton must have 50.1%, or 546 thousand hectares of the total area with transgenic seeds. The continuous growth of adoption of biotechnology should be attributed to the in‐ crease of new varieties available in the market and that, today, are adapted to the different agricultural areas of the country. The direct and indirect benefits arising from the use of these seeds have been singled out by farmers as one of the biggest reasons for choice. In re‐ lation to States, MatoGrosso follows in the lead, with 9, 6milhões hectares, followed by Para‐ ná with 6.6 million hectares. Herbicide tolerance technology follows in the lead with 25, 3milhões hectares, followed by seeds with resistance to insects, with 5.7 million hectares,

All these good news coming from the field are a major impasse regarding the prices of maize, companies that buy corn in Brazil must face an even more difficult year in terms of price in 2013, compared with 2012, and projected smaller cereal availability in 2012/13.

In the first half of 2012 prices were behaved and there was even falling prices to the extent

Cereal prices in the international market began to rise and reached record levels in recent weeks on the Chicago Stock Exchange in function from the perspective of large us crop fail‐ ure caused by the worst drought in more than 50 years. Prices in Brazil are now strongly tied to international prices due to a large demand from international buyers. Certainly we have a Brazilian corn buyer pressure by international customers, as strong or stronger than this year. Because the major supplier of the world's corn, which are the United States, will

Corn futures in Chicago (CBOT) reached the highest value of all time before disclosure of the report of the United States Department of agriculture (USDA), which should cut fore‐

steal the producer's profit.

and means 4 million new acres with transgenic varieties.

represent 62.6% of the total area or 5, 2 million hectares.

and the gene technology, combined with 5.6 million hectares.

that it was becoming clear that we would have a great off-season.

have less exportable surplus in history.

casts for USA crops this year.

In more than 30 years of history, the off-season if expanded, gained strength and hit record. According to the 9th Brazilian harvest survey of grain (2011/2012), released by the national supply company (Conab) in June, the area planted with corn in the off-season is estimated at 7.188 million hectares, number 22% higher than last year's off-season.

According to Conab, the number is explained by good price prospects for climate advantage provided with the anticipation of rains for planting, and by the good harvest of soybeans, which encouraged producers to extend their crops.

Most producers that have soy as flagship summer crop production, bet on corn cultivation off-season, with attractive price and the advent of biotechnology has been the increase of productivity and safety in pest management and, in addition, there were the intangible gain with the decrease of insecticide applied in the environment.

The good news for the cultivation of corn in Brazil, according to Conab, are linked to the main corn producing States off-season: MatoGrosso, Paraná and MatoGrosso do Sul, which added to the total cultivated in the past year, the areas of 732.7 thousand, 283.4 billion and 193.2 thousand hectares, respectively.

With the data of the survey, the company foresees a production of about 32.9 million tones for corn second crop, or 53.1% to 21.5 million achieved last season. The Brazilian farmer re‐ alizes, each year, the off-season is a good deal, that is, it is an opportunity to increase the profitability of farming, maximizing the use of resources already invested.

Logically that this increased production, requires a quick response companies to address the needs of new hybrids of corn, which led to the increase of releases in this area, where the market turned to the specific needs of each region. With this, the producers have the oppor‐ tunity to plant the best genetic, associated with the best biotechnology.

According to the Brazilian Association of producers of corn (Abramilho), the winter harvest has been growing a lot for two reasons: first, because soy has open space for the cultivation of this crop and, second, because of the technology. The conventional corn planting and with few seeds has become the past, and today, the use of increasingly technology for these cycles has achieved nearly the same results of the summer harvest.

Between farmers, the assessment is that the off-season will consolidate its position as an im‐ portant complement in income and must, year after year, to expand to areas that do not yet have this established planting. There is a very strong demand for producer hybrids with more technology. Therefore, in recent years, companies have expanded investment in re‐ search in Brazil to bring to market the best product for the features of each region.

With the events of biotechnology of the culture of corn producers expect to achieve greater productivity per area, plants tolerant to various events and reduce production costs, primar‐ ily related to less use of pesticides.

In the case of Bt crops (which produce a toxin in their cells), their adoption allowed a reduc‐ tion of 56 million kg of insecticides between 1996 and 2011. In General, the transgenic seed calculation led to decrease of 183 million tonnes in the use of pesticides. In Brazil, the Bt seed companies are also newly tolerant to herbicides, thereby opening a new path of effi‐ ciency in the management of pests and weeds, factors that interfere with productivity and steal the producer's profit.

son summer pós-safra was used by the producers for the planting of corn seeds uncultivat‐ ed, and subsequently became part of the farmer's strategy to increase your productivity.

In more than 30 years of history, the off-season if expanded, gained strength and hit record. According to the 9th Brazilian harvest survey of grain (2011/2012), released by the national supply company (Conab) in June, the area planted with corn in the off-season is estimated at

According to Conab, the number is explained by good price prospects for climate advantage provided with the anticipation of rains for planting, and by the good harvest of soybeans,

Most producers that have soy as flagship summer crop production, bet on corn cultivation off-season, with attractive price and the advent of biotechnology has been the increase of productivity and safety in pest management and, in addition, there were the intangible gain

The good news for the cultivation of corn in Brazil, according to Conab, are linked to the main corn producing States off-season: MatoGrosso, Paraná and MatoGrosso do Sul, which added to the total cultivated in the past year, the areas of 732.7 thousand, 283.4 billion and

With the data of the survey, the company foresees a production of about 32.9 million tones for corn second crop, or 53.1% to 21.5 million achieved last season. The Brazilian farmer re‐ alizes, each year, the off-season is a good deal, that is, it is an opportunity to increase the

Logically that this increased production, requires a quick response companies to address the needs of new hybrids of corn, which led to the increase of releases in this area, where the market turned to the specific needs of each region. With this, the producers have the oppor‐

According to the Brazilian Association of producers of corn (Abramilho), the winter harvest has been growing a lot for two reasons: first, because soy has open space for the cultivation of this crop and, second, because of the technology. The conventional corn planting and with few seeds has become the past, and today, the use of increasingly technology for these

Between farmers, the assessment is that the off-season will consolidate its position as an im‐ portant complement in income and must, year after year, to expand to areas that do not yet have this established planting. There is a very strong demand for producer hybrids with more technology. Therefore, in recent years, companies have expanded investment in re‐

With the events of biotechnology of the culture of corn producers expect to achieve greater productivity per area, plants tolerant to various events and reduce production costs, primar‐

search in Brazil to bring to market the best product for the features of each region.

profitability of farming, maximizing the use of resources already invested.

tunity to plant the best genetic, associated with the best biotechnology.

cycles has achieved nearly the same results of the summer harvest.

7.188 million hectares, number 22% higher than last year's off-season.

which encouraged producers to extend their crops.

514 Insecticides - Development of Safer and More Effective Technologies

193.2 thousand hectares, respectively.

ily related to less use of pesticides.

with the decrease of insecticide applied in the environment.

Due to various factors the area planted with genetically modified seeds should reach 36, 6milhões hectares in the next harvest, second 1° monitoring of adoption of agricultural crop 2012/13. The forecast points to a 12.3% higher adoption in comparison to the previous year and means 4 million new acres with transgenic varieties.

The leadership in adopting biotechnology continues with soybeans, which must have 88.1% of crops with genetically Modified seeds, an area estimated at 23.9 million hectares. And corn, which begins to cultivate the fourth crop with transgenic hybrids, already approaching that level. The winter crop represents the second highest rate of adoption, with 87.8%, or 6.9 million hectares of transgenic seeds. In the case of the summer harvest, the adoption must represent 62.6% of the total area or 5, 2 million hectares.

The cotton must have 50.1%, or 546 thousand hectares of the total area with transgenic seeds. The continuous growth of adoption of biotechnology should be attributed to the in‐ crease of new varieties available in the market and that, today, are adapted to the different agricultural areas of the country. The direct and indirect benefits arising from the use of these seeds have been singled out by farmers as one of the biggest reasons for choice. In re‐ lation to States, MatoGrosso follows in the lead, with 9, 6milhões hectares, followed by Para‐ ná with 6.6 million hectares. Herbicide tolerance technology follows in the lead with 25, 3milhões hectares, followed by seeds with resistance to insects, with 5.7 million hectares, and the gene technology, combined with 5.6 million hectares.

All these good news coming from the field are a major impasse regarding the prices of maize, companies that buy corn in Brazil must face an even more difficult year in terms of price in 2013, compared with 2012, and projected smaller cereal availability in 2012/13.

In the first half of 2012 prices were behaved and there was even falling prices to the extent that it was becoming clear that we would have a great off-season.

Cereal prices in the international market began to rise and reached record levels in recent weeks on the Chicago Stock Exchange in function from the perspective of large us crop fail‐ ure caused by the worst drought in more than 50 years. Prices in Brazil are now strongly tied to international prices due to a large demand from international buyers. Certainly we have a Brazilian corn buyer pressure by international customers, as strong or stronger than this year. Because the major supplier of the world's corn, which are the United States, will have less exportable surplus in history.

Corn futures in Chicago (CBOT) reached the highest value of all time before disclosure of the report of the United States Department of agriculture (USDA), which should cut fore‐ casts for USA crops this year.

The contract of the new crop, basis December reached the peak of 8.2975 dollars a bushel, the highest ever recorded in the Chicago Stock Exchange and above the previous record of 8.2875 dollars per busheltested three weeks ago by September.

this tool will provide future generations, guarantees of more sustainable living conditions

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Gleberson Guillen Piccinin, Alan Augusto Donel, Alessandro de Lucca e Braccini,

Department of Agronomy, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil

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**Author details**

**References**

As we saw in this chapter to biotechnology is a very important tool for the development of Brazil as world agricultural power, but we must emphasize the importance of research. And to get an idea of its importance, the increase in productivity in the various cultures saved 60 million hectares to Brazil, but still in some cultures our average productivity is low. In corn, for example, our productivity is half of U.S.A productivity. Search is a technology and factor income generator to the field, but Brazil has employed little recourse in the area. In 2011 em‐ ployed 1.3% of GDP in science and technology, and in 2012 must employ only 0.9%, which is a setback and lack of objectivity.
