**8. Perspectives and final considerations**

The biggest challenge of this century is to feed the whole world's population; poverty and hunger are inextricably linked and are about 1 billion people, mainly rentals. So what we will do to overcome this in a sustainable way? What are the threats to the production, distri‐ bution and safety of these foods? And, mainly, what we will do to allow people to have ac‐ cess to them?

In 2011, approximately half of the world's poor were small resource-poor farmers, whilst an‐ other 20% were the rural landless who are completely dependent on agriculture for their livelihoods. Thus, 70% of the world's poor are dependent on agriculture – some view this as a problem, however it should be viewed as an opportunity, given the enormous potential of both conventional and the new biotechnology applications to make a significant contribu‐ tion to the alleviation of poverty and hunger and to doubling food, feed and fiber produc‐ tion by 2050.

In the next fifty years will be nine billion people and the world will consume twice as much food as the world has consumed since the beginning of agriculture 10.000 years ago. The challenge of feeding the world and interest to increase the potential of biotech‐ nology are intimacies trailers and, as biotech crops already occupy about 160 million hectares or 10% of the world's arable land, is significant and visible the ancestry of this market in today's society.

According to some international institutes, the world until 2020 will grow 20% in food pro‐ duction and Brazil will have a 40% growth in production with an increase of just 16% of the area. To see the responsibility, since the increment of production in traditional countries like the USA will be 15%, China 15%, and in the whole of Europe, 4%.

With all this challenge, it should be noted that the transgenic plants are not panacea to solve all the problems of agriculture. Transgenic agriculture is only a complement to conventional agriculture, organic and other modalities. However the endless search for improvement of this tool will provide future generations, guarantees of more sustainable living conditions and higher quality food.
