**12. Future developments**

	- supramolecular complexes "protein-drug agent" or "polysaccharide- drug agent" for the addressed drug delivery;
	- medical hybrid materials and coatings with high bio- and hemo-compatibility and/or combined pharmacological action (e.g. haemostatics with antimicrobial or regenerative properties);
	- increasing the wettability of the original organic and inorganic materials to obtain effective sorbents, membranes for hemodialysis, and microbiological substrates;
	- improving membranes selectivity and stability and production more sensitive biosensors.

#### **Author details**

#### T. Vasilieva

308 Practical Applications in Biomedical Engineering

considered in detail in [24].

**12. Future developments** 

wastes are not generated during the EBP-treatment.

the EBPR and the results of the modification are predictable.

the plasma trap. The following materials can be synthesized:

for the addressed drug delivery;

3. The technique is potentionally interesting for:

regenerative properties);

biosensors.

 The 95% yield of low molecular weight EBP-treatment products was attained by optimizing the treatment procedure. The high yields of low molecular weight water soluble products are obtained at treatment time ~10 min whereas the traditional chitosan hydrolysis usually takes several days. The hazardous by-products and toxic

 The low molecular water-soluble forms of the chitosan obtained by its treatment in the EBP of oxygen and water vapor were found to inhibit the multiplication of colon bacillus, aurococcus and yeast-like fungi. The LMWC with molecular weight 30-180 kDa and chitooligosaccharide mixtures are known to possess antimicrobial properties [22, 23]. We suppose that the antibacterial activity of the EBP-produced LMCW results from the LMCW interaction with the cell walls of microorganisms. This mechanism was

 The EBP-stimulated degradation mechanisms occurring both in polysaccharides and high molecular weight proteins are similar and occur due to the plasmachemical processes, whereas the attendant of fast electrons and X-ray irradiations are minor factors only.The active oxygen species produced in plasmachemical reactions and the products of water plasmolisys are responsible for the LMWC and chitooligosaccharides formation. Parameters of the treatment process can be adjusted by the control system of

1. Our experiments have demonstrated that the EBP can be used for the effective and controllable modification of some natural biopolymers. Using various plasmagenerating gases the functional groups containing sulfur, nitrogen, phosphorus can be introduced into the biopolymer structure to obtain substances with unique pharmacological and biological activities (anticoagulant, hemostatic, antibacterial, etc.); 2. On the basis of present study the novel strategies of plasma-stimulated synthesis and plasma-assisted bioactive coating deposition can be developed. Two different ways of the plasma-assisted formation of bioactive coatings by means of the deposition of organic and inorganic vapors activated by the electron beam are possible: 1) on a preliminary prepared plane substrate; 2) on a surface of powder particles levitating in

supramolecular complexes "protein-drug agent" or "polysaccharide- drug agent"

 medical hybrid materials and coatings with high bio- and hemo-compatibility and/or combined pharmacological action (e.g. haemostatics with antimicrobial or

 increasing the wettability of the original organic and inorganic materials to obtain effective sorbents, membranes for hemodialysis, and microbiological substrates; improving membranes selectivity and stability and production more sensitive *Department of General Chemistry, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Moscow region, Russia* 

### **13. References**


[16] Born G. Aggregation of blood platelets by adenosine diphosphate and its reversal. Nature 1962; 194(12) 927-930.

**Chapter 13** 

© 2012 Tran and Nguyen, licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2012 Tran and Nguyen, licensee InTech. This is a paper distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

**Functional Inorganic Nanohybrids** 

methods for drug delivery, bioimaging, and cancer theragnosis.[4-6]

Functional hybrid inorganic nanomaterials have received substantial attention for their promising performance in nanotechnological applications.[1] A combination of more than one nanocomponent into a hybrid structure gives rise to new collective properties different from the constituents.[1] The hybrid nanostructures not only have multifunctional properties, but also may induce synergistic properties, arising from interfacial particleparticle interactions.[2] Coupling of two or more components produces a hybrid nanostructure that allows electronic transfer across the junction to change local electronic structure. The engineering chemical reactivity on the particle surface is thus dependent on the internal and external interfacing capacilities and the particle size distribution of the deposited particles onto the nanosupports.[1, 3] These behaviours make them to generally have potential applications in solar energy conversion, catalysis, and potential biomedical

The morphology of the hybrid nanostructures impacts a critical factor affecting their active performance.[7] The shape-controlled synthesis of these materials have been made in recent years. This objective could be performed by conducting heterogeneous nucleation-growth kinetics during the synthesis. Wet-chemistry methods, such as seed-mediated growth, ionexchange deposition, thermal decomposition, hydro-solvothermal process used to synthesize single nanoparticles have been extended to the hybrid nanostructures. The nanohybrids with specific shapes (e.g., dumbbell and core-shell) formed by sequential growth of second components onto the preformed seeds through directed attachment. The hybrid structures formed during heterogeneous growth are dependent on organic linkers used and lattice parameters of each components, which is relative to the electron transferred capacity at the particle-particle interfaces. A combination of synthetic control along with

**for Biomedical Diagnosis** 

Thai-Hoa Tran and Thanh-Dinh Nguyen

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/55266

**1. Introduction** 

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

