**6. References**


[9] Marson Ra, Gonçalves M (2001) Comportamento eletromiográfico do músculo biceps femoris (caput longum) submetido a exercício isométrico. In: *Anais do IX Congresso Brasileiro de Biomecânica*. Gramado (RS), Brazil, 29 May-1 June. pp. 289-293.

Computational Intelligence in Electromyography Analysis – 62 A Perspective on Current Applications and Future Challenges

machine synchronization.

Runer Augusto Marson

**Author details** 

*Brazil* 

*Gerais, Brazil* 

**6. References** 

Company.

1220-27.

Moscow: MOCKBA.

*J. Morphol*. Sci.. 20:55-7.

*Med Sci Sports* 2001;11:64–80.

*Electromyograph Kinesiol* 18 (2008) 351–358.

feature researches, in future studies, propose mathematical models to identify the turning point of the concavity of the sigmoid adjustment for the analysis and identification of the electromyographic fatigue. Therefore, in order to develop a new protocol for the identification of fatigue could be observed electromyographic initial characteristics of the sigmoid curve which is a slow increase over time data, which has an exponential characteristic. With these parameters can ascertain exponential models as the inflection

Understanding the importance of digital signal processing, in this case the surface electromyographic signal, the mathematical adjustment (mathematical modeling), presents itself as a tool to direct future research related to bioengineering, which may direct future investigations from the area of instrumentation to the development of new systems of man-

*Laboratory of Biomechanics, Brazilian Army Physical Capacitation Research Institute, Rio de Janeiro,* 

*Laboratory of Biomechanics and Kinesiology, Sport Center, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Minas* 

[1] Zatsiorsky, V.M. 2000. *Biomechanics in Sport Performance: improvement and injury* 

[2] Lippert, L. 2011. *Clinical kinesiology and anatomy,* 5th ed. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis

[4] Verkhoshansky, Y. V. 2004. *Special Strength Training: a pratical manual for coaches*.

[5] Garfinkel S; Cafarelli E.1992. Relative changes in maximal force, EMG, and muscle cross-sectional area after isometric training. *Medice and Science in Sports and Exercise*. 24:

[6] Marson, R.A.; Gonçalves, M., 2003. Electromyographic behavior of the biceps femoris (caput longum) and semitendinosus muscles in the isometric contraction test. Brazilian

[7] Solomonow M, Krogsgaard M. Sensorimotor control of knee stability: a review. *Scan J* 

[8] Kellis,E; Katis, A. Reliability of EMG power-spectrum and amplitude of the semitendinosus and biceps femoris muscles during ramp isometric contractions. *J.* 

point of the curve for possible identification of neuromuscular fatigue.

*prevention.* 2000. Oxford: Blackwell Science LTD.

[3] Kumar, S. 2004. *Muscle Strength*. Danver: CRC Press LLC.


Computational Intelligence in Electromyography Analysis –

	- [26] James, C.R.; Scheuermann, B.W.; Smith, M.P. Effect of two neuromuscular fatigue protocols on landing performance. *J. Electromyograph Kinesiol*., 20:667-675, 2010.

**Chapter 4** 

© 2012 Garcia et al., licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2012 Garcia et al., licensee InTech. This is a paper distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

**Comparison by EMG of Running Barefoot and** 

Footwear is the "interface" between the locomotive system and the athlete's physical environment through which all the forces that act and react between the legs and the

According to Nigg (1986), the choice of footwear is based on the price, durability, comfort, colour, safety, weight, and performance; but, how footwear affects the human-ground

During jogging, running shoes have to reduce foot shock impact with the ground, to hold the foot, to control the pronation-supination, to direct the force at the time of propulsion for

Nowadays, more and more people practice sport, being jogging an activity common to many sports, besides being a sport specialty itself. Jogging is a complex activity requiring an exact timing of muscle activation and a precise control of movement. Many injuries occurred during jogging affect the musculoskeletal system: (1) tendonitis of: tibialis anterior, peroneus brevis, tibialis posterior, quadriceps, and Achilles tendon; (2) calcaneal apophysitis; (3) chronic syndromes: anterior and posterior compartments; (4) stress fractures; (5) plantar fasciitis; and (6) rupture of the hamstrings (Reber et al. 1993). Certain types of contractions may predispose the runner to a particular injury (Vaughan 1984).

The displacement speed is determined by the frequency and length of the stride. These variables are the result of the successful integration of many mechanical and neuromuscular

The human body is a biological system that has many possibilities of action and reaction to external environmental influences. During the movement, the neuromuscular system is

Begoña Gavilanes-Miranda, Juan J. Goiriena De Gandarias and

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

takeoff (Luethi & Stacoff 1987), and to increase efficiency.

**Running Shod** 

Gonzalo A. Garcia

**1. Introduction** 

interaction?

processes.

ground are transmitted.

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/47807

