**5. miRNA**

A first inventory of sRNAs in olive has been obtained from juvenile and adult shoots, revealing that the 24-nt class dominates the sRNA transcriptome and atypically accumulates to levels never seen in other plant species, suggesting an active role of heterochromatin silencing in the maintenance and integrity of its large genome (Donaire et al., 2011). A total of 18 known miRNA families were identified in the libraries.

Olive Tree Genomic 141

The eight 454 cDNA libraries, four from flower and four from fruit tissues, were sequenced in two separate runs by using 454 GS FLX Titanium Sequencer (Roche Diagnostics Corporation, Basel, Switzerland); each library was loaded on ¼ sector of a picotiter

We identified a total of more than 1 million sequence reads with an average length of 356 bp, corresponding to a little less of half billion bases, about 60% of them are from fruit and

**Sample Reads Total Bases Length Average (bp)** 

Assembling of adaptor-trimmed 454 sequence data was performed using GSAssembler Software (Roche Diagnostics Corporation, Basel, Switzerland). To build a compilation of gene structures and functions expressed in *Olea*, we first assembled row data from all the

> **% Number Length Average (bp)**

samples 964.266 83,05 25.342 892 112.717 <sup>323</sup>

More than 83% of raw sequences were included in the assembly with 112,717 remaining as singletons. This produced a set of 25,342 contigs with an average length of 892 bp (Table 4). As expected, when sequences from flower and fruit samples are assembled separately, the

**Contigs Singletons**

**Number Length Average (bp)** 

Flower\_1 113,134 42,568,083 376.55 Flower\_2 146,576 54,807,276 374.23 Flower\_3 67,797 21,939,320 323.92 Flower\_4 137,824 48,459,361 351.82 Flower\_total 465,331 167,774,040 360.55

Fruit\_1 173,118 63,611,956 367.45 Fruit\_2 197,782 73,464,937 371.44 Fruit\_3 146,765 52,792,933 359.71 Fruit\_4 177,846 61,220,898 344.23 Fruit\_total 695,611 251,090,724 361.02 Olea\_total 1,160,942 418,864,764 356.63

sequencing plate.

40% from flower samples (Table 3).

**Table 3.** Raw sequencing data

eight libraries together (Table 4).

**Samples in Assembly Reads in** 

**Table 4.** Total assembling

Flower + Fruit

**Assembly** 
