**Acknowledgement**

The author thanks Dr. Mari Kawai, Dr. Toru Hirano, Dr. Shinji Higa, Ms. Mihoko Koyanagi, Ms. Tomoko Kai, Mr. Ryosuke Shimizu, Dr. Masamitsu Moriwaki, Dr. Yukio Suzuki, and Dr. Satoshi Ogino as collaborators for the clinical studies.

### **8. References**


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Allergy, a common disease worldwide, is the subject of growing concern because of its increasing rate of prevalence (Holgate, 1999; Eder et al, 2006). It has been suggested that dietary changes may contribute to this increase (McKeever & Britton, 2004; Devereux & Seaton, 2005; Devereux, 2006; Kozyrskyj et al., 2011; Nurmatov et al., 2011; Allan & Devereux, 2011). Flavonoids have antioxidant, anti-allergic and immune-modulating properties and recent clinical trials have shown their beneficial effect on allergic rhinitis. Several extensive databases for the flavonoid content of major vegetables, fruit, cereals and beverages can thus be expected to contribute to the dietary management of allergic rhinitis. Whether an appropriate intake of flavonoids can ameliorate respiratory or dermal allergic symptoms and prevent the onset of allergic diseases thus constitutes an important issue for

*Department of Clinical Application of Biologics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, and* 

The author thanks Dr. Mari Kawai, Dr. Toru Hirano, Dr. Shinji Higa, Ms. Mihoko Koyanagi, Ms. Tomoko Kai, Mr. Ryosuke Shimizu, Dr. Masamitsu Moriwaki, Dr. Yukio Suzuki, and

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*Department of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center,* 

**7. Conclusion** 

future studies.

Toshio Tanaka

**Author details** 

*Osaka University, Osaka, Japan* 

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