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**Author details** 

*of Sciences, Lanzhou, PR China* 

**Acknowledgement** 

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Qinling Bi, Shengyu Zhu and Weimin Liu

*State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy* 

The authors are grateful to the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51075383) and the National 973 Project of China (2013CB632300) for financial support. And also, we

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**Chapter 8** 

© 2013 Shahabuddin et al., licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2013 Shahabuddin et al., licensee InTech. This is a paper distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons

**Development of Eco-Friendly Biodegradable** 

Various types of lubricants are available all over the world including mineral oils, synthetic oils, re-refined oils, and vegetable oils. Most of the lubricants which are available in the market are based on mineral oil derived from petroleum oil which are not adaptable with the environment because of its toxicity and non-biodegradability [1, 2]. Unknown petroleum reserve and the increasing consumption, which made concern to use petroleum based lubricant thus, to find the alternative lubricant to meet the future demand is an important issue [3]. Therefore, vegetable oil can be played a vital role to substitute the petroleum lubricant as it possesses numerous advantage over base lubricant like renewability, environmentally friendly, biodegradability, less toxicity and so on [4-8]. It has been reported that yearly 12 million tons of lubricants waste are released to the environment [9]. However, it is very difficult to dispose it safely for the mineral oil based lubricants due its toxic and non-biodegradable nature. To reduce the dependency on petroleum fuel, legislations have been passed to use certain percentage of biofuel in many countries, such initiative also required for lubricant as well [10]. Vegetable oils are mainly triglycerides which contain three hydroxyl groups and long chain unsaturated free fatty acids attached at the hydroxyl group by ester linkages acids favors triglycerides crystallization [11, 12]. The unsaturated free fatty acid which is defined as the ratio and position of carbon-carbon double bond, one two and three double bonds of carbon chain is named as a oleic, linoleic, and linolenic fatty acid components respectively [13]. The main limitations of vegetable oil are its poor low temperature behavior, oxidation and thermal stability and gumming effect [14, 15]. These stabilities and pour point behavior can be ameliorated by transesterification. Moreover the inferior flow property does not affect much in the tropical countries. Quinchia et al. [16] stated that, improving the potentiality of biolubricants some technical properties including available range of viscosities are need to improved. To do so, environmentally friendly viscosity modifier can be used. viscosity is the most important property for the lubricants

**Biolubricant Based on Jatropha Oil** 

M. Shahabuddin, H.H. Masjuki and M.A. Kalam

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/51376

**1. Introduction** 

