**Acknowledgement**

The authors would like to acknowledge the Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Malaya, Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) of Malaysia for HIR grant (Grant No. UM.C/HIR/MOHE/ENG/07) and ERGS grant no ER022-2011A which made this study possible.

## **5. References**

[1] Salih N, Salimon J, Yousif E. Synthetic biolubricant basestocks based on environmentally friendly raw materials. Journal of King Saud University –Science 2011.

<sup>\*</sup> Corresponding Author


**4. Conclusions** 

lubricant.

properties.

at 40°C.

temperature etc.

**Author details** 

M. Shahabuddin\*

study possible.

**5. References** 

2011.

Corresponding Author

 \*

**Acknowledgement** 

due to other chemical interaction.

Based on the experimental study the following conclusion can be drawn:

2. Lower the resistance to wear, higher coefficient of friction.

, H.H. Masjuki and M.A. Kalam

1. The rates of wear for various percentage of biolubricant were different. Moreover the wear rate for 10% Jatropha added biolubricants were almost identical with base

3. At the beginning of the test rate of wear as well as rise in temperature were high. With respect to wear rate and rise in temperature during entire operation time, the JBL 10 biolubricant showed best performance in terms of its ability to withstand its

4. From the elemental analysis of the biolubricants, it is found, Iron and Aluminum were increased after the test due to the loos of material from the pin and the disc while, some element like Phosphorus, Calcium and Magnesium were decreased by oxidizing and

5. In terms of viscosity, almost all biolubricants met the ISO viscosity grade requirement whereas, 40% and 50% addition of Jatropha oil do not meet the ISO VG 100 requirement

According to the experimental result, it can be recommended that the addition of 10% Jatropha oil in the base lubricant is the optimum for the automotive application as it showed best overall performance in terms of wear, coefficient of friction, viscosity, rise in

*Centre for Energy Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia* 

The authors would like to acknowledge the Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Malaya, Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) of Malaysia for HIR grant (Grant No. UM.C/HIR/MOHE/ENG/07) and ERGS grant no ER022-2011A which made this

[1] Salih N, Salimon J, Yousif E. Synthetic biolubricant basestocks based on environmentally friendly raw materials. Journal of King Saud University –Science


[19] Rudnick LR. Automotives Gear Lubricants, Synthetics, mineral oils, and bio-based lubricants: chemistry and technology. Taylor and Francis, Florida; 2006.

**Section 3** 

**Friction** 

**Section 3** 
