**7.1. Indications**





appropriate management of complications are requisite of all surgeons.


Certain conditions make laparoscopic surgery a bad choice. Some of these conditions include:

As in all aspects of medicine, laparoscopic surgery requires experience on the part of the surgeon in order to afford patients the best possible outcome. Accurate diagnosis and

Hysteroscopy is the visual examination of the canal of the cervix and interior of the uterus.. The device is inserted through the vagina.Using fiber optic technology, the hysteroscope transmits an image of the uterine canal and cavity to a monitor, allowing to properly guide the instrument into the endometrial cavity. Hysteroscopy may be performed in women who have an abnormal uterine bleeding, abnormal Pap test, or postmenopausal bleeding. It may be used to help diagnose causes of infertility or repeated miscarriages. Hysteroscopy may also be used to evaluate polyps, uterine adhesions (Asherman's syndrome), and fibroids, and to locate and remove displaced intrauterine devices (IUDs). There are two types of hysteroscopy. Diagnostic hysteroscopy is performed to examine the uterus for signs of normalcy or abnormality, while operative hysteroscopy is performed to treat a disorder after it has been diagnosed. The procedure is very similar to diagnostic hysteroscopy except that operating instruments such as scissors, biopsy forceps, electocautery instruments, and graspers can be placed into the uterine cavity through a channel in the operative hysteroscope. Hysteroscopy can take from two to five minutes to more than one hour.

During hysteroscopy either fluids or CO2 gas is introduced to expand the cavity.




**7. Hysteroscopy** 

**7.1. Indications** 


