**5. References**

910 Thermodynamics – Interaction Studies – Solids, Liquids and Gases

Fig. 13. Schematic of the reaction mechanism in Reactive Hydride Composite.

indended reaction pathway is:

diffusion path length reduced (Gosalawit-Utke, 2011).

than 250 °C.

**4. Conclusion** 

In 2004 Vajo et al. (Vajo et al., 2005) , Cho et al. (Cho et al., 2006) and Barkhordarian et al. (Barkordarian et al., 2007) independently discovered that the usage of borides especially MgB2 as a starting material facilitates the formation of different borohydrides. This finding initiated the development and investigation of several new reversible systems with high storage capacities of 8 – 12 wt.% H2 and improved thermodynamic and kinetic properties such as 2 LiBH4+MgH2 (Bösenberg et al., 2009; 2010; 2010b), 2 NaBH4+MgH2 (Garroni et al., 2010; Pistidda et al., 2010; 2011; Pottmaier et al., 2011), Ca(BH4)2+MgH2 (Barkhordarian et al., 2008), 6 LiBH4+CeH2, 6 LiBH4+CaH2 (Jin et al., 2008b), LiBH4/Ca(BH4)2 (Lee et al., 2009) . One of the most intensely studied systems hereof is the 2 LiBH4 + MgH2 system. The

However, several other reaction pathways are possible leading to products such as LiB2, amorphous B, Li2B12H12 or Li2B10H10. Bösenberg et al. (Bösenberg et al., 2010b) could show that due to a higher thermodynamic driving force for the favoured reaction the competing reactions can be suppressed by applying a hydrogen back pressure and limiting the dehydrogenation temperature. Nevertheless, since long-range diffusion of metal atoms containing species is required, see Fig. 13, in bulk ball-milled samples dehydrogenation so far occurs only at temperatures higher than 350 °C, hydrogenation at temperatures higher

The dehydrogenation temperatures of this Reactive Hydride Composite, however, can be significantly reduced by using nanoconfined 2 LiBH4 + MgH2 stabilised in inert nanoporous aerogel scaffold materials whereby long-range phase separation is hindered and thus the

Metal hydrides offer a safe and compact alternative for hydrogen storage. The thermodynamic properties of them determine both their reaction heat as well as hydrogen

<sup>4</sup> <sup>2</sup> <sup>2</sup> H2 2 LiBH MgH 2 LiH MgB 4 (31)


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