**Author details**

Zhijia Liu and Benhua Fei\*

\*Address all correspondence to: Feibenhua@icbr.ac.cn

International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China

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**Chapter 2**

**Bioconversion of Hemicellulose from**

Rita de Cássia Lacerda Brambilla Rodrigues,

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

Felipe Antônio Fernandes Antunes,

Maria das Graças Almeida Felipe and

Thais Suzane dos Santos Milessi,

Larissa Canilha,

Anuj Kumar Chandel,

Silvio Silvério da Silva

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/53832

(MMT) of SB and SS [1, 4].

**1. Introduction**

**Sugarcane Biomass Into Sustainable Products**

Sugarcane is main crop cultivated in countries like Brazil, India, China, etc. It plays a vital role in the economy of these countries in addition to providing employment opportunities [1]. Only in the 2012/13 Brazil harvest, for example, it was estimated that more than 602 mil‐

During the processing of sugarcane, the sugarcane straw (SS) is remained on field and do not presents suitable use. After the juice extraction from sugarcane stem, the fraction that is left over is called sugarcane bagasse (SB) [3]. Both residues (SB and SS) represent a sizeable fraction of agro-residues collected annually. The annual world production of sugarcane is ∼1.6 billion tons, which yields approximately 279 million metric tons

SB is used as a source of heat and electricity in sugar producing mills while SL is open‐ ly burnt on the fields causing environmental pollution. The harnessing of both residues via biotechnological routes into value-added products (xylitol, organic acid, industrial en‐ zymes, ethanol, etc) is much more likely to be complimentary than competitive in the near term without jeopardizing the food requirements [5, 6, 7]. Both residues (SB and SS)

> © 2013 Canilha et al.; licensee InTech. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2013 Canilha et al.; licensee InTech. This is a paper distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

lion tons of sugarcane will be processed by the sugar-alcohol mills [2].

[29] Kumar P, Barrett DM, Delwiche MJ, Stroeve P. Methods for Pretreatment of Ligno‐ cellulosic Biomass for Efficient Hydrolysis and Biofuel Production. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., Article ASAP.DOI: 10.1021/ie801542g.
