**8. References**


**15** 

*1Slovenia 2Estonia 3Belgium* 

**Analysis of CZTSSe** 

**Monograin Layer Solar Cells** 

*3Solar Cells Department, Ghent University – ELIS,* 

Gregor Černivec, Andri Jagomägi and Koen Decock *1University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering,* 

*2Department of Materials Science, Tallinn University of Technology,* 

Monograin layer (MGL) solar cell combines the features of a monocrystalline solar cell and a thin film solar cell. The photoactive layer is formed from the kesterite-stannite semiconductor Cu2SnZn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) material with the single-crystalline grains embedded into the epoxy resin (Altosaar et al., 2003). With the graphite back contact, cadmium sulphide (CdS) buffer layer, and zinc oxide (ZnO:Al/i-ZnO) window layer, the remainder of the structure resembles

Fig. 1. The MGL solar cell. The photoactive Cu2SnZnSe4 monograins are covered with CdS, and embedded into the epoxy resin. The thin layer of the intrinsic ZnO serves as the CdS surface passivation and as the barrier for the ZnO:Al impurities. The front contact comprises

indium fingers while the back contact is made of the graphite paste.

a thin film CIS solar cell in the superstrate configuration (Fig. 1).

**1. Introduction** 

