**4. Full-scale mock-up model**

A full-scale mock-up model was constructed with the dimensions of 8 m long, 5 m wide, and 3.5 m high, as shown in Figure 5. In order to demonstrate the impact of the inclined

for the heat insulation of building windows and doors. This analysis allowed for the evaluation of heat transfer under a two dimensional steady state for the user defined fitting

Fig. 3. Optical and thermal characteristics of double-glazed PV module (T\_sol is the solar transmittance, T\_vis is the transmittance of visible radiation, SHGC is the solar heat gain

Figure 4 shows a plane figure of a 10 mm thick and 980 × 950 mm single plate PV module, and a PV module consists of 108 cells in series. The electrical characteristics of the prepared

A full-scale mock-up model was constructed with the dimensions of 8 m long, 5 m wide, and 3.5 m high, as shown in Figure 5. In order to demonstrate the impact of the inclined

coefficient, and U\_value is the thermal transmittance of PV module).module

system at a given circumstance.

PV module are listed in Table 1.

Fig. 4. Plane figure of a single plate PV module.

**4. Full-scale mock-up model** 


Table 1. Specification of the tested thin-film PV module

slope (incidence angle) on the power output, the inclined angles were varied on the mockup by installing both a tilted roof at 30º and a common roof without any slope. The mock-up faced south in order to maintain a compatible solar irradiance with the location of Yongin, Gyeonggi, Korea. Two separated spaces were prepared in order to test the thin-film PV module (Test room A in Figure 5(a)) and the common double glazed window (Test room B in Figure 5(a)) as a reference. The spaces were 2 m long, 3 m wide, and 2.7 m high. The double glazed PV module and the common double-glazed window were installed in each separated test room at different inclined angles (0 º, 30 º, and 90 º).

A mock-up model was also constructed in order to monitor the electric current, voltage, power, temperature, and solar irradiation depending on the inclined angle of the PV module. The double glazed thin-film PV module revealed only a 10 % transmittance (See Figure 1), but this was as sufficient as the common double glazed window for observing the outside.
