**6. Conclusion**

Myocarditis represents a frequent but often underestimated cause of life-threatening ventricular arrhyhmias and sudden arrhythmic death and therefore should be always suspected in these clinical settings. The recognition of myocarditis as the cuase of ventricular arrhythmias may have dramatic implications on treatment and prognosis. Imaging techniques such as CMR have improved our ability to recognize myocardial inflammatory damage, and increased the awareness of the disease among physicians. Nevertheless EMB still represents the gold standard for the diagnosis of myocarditis as offers a immunohistological and virological characterization of thr inflammatoty process that may influence the treatment. Electroanatomic mapping-guided EMB represents a new important technique that allows increasing diagnostic sensitivity and minimizing the sampling error in patients with myocarditis presenting with arrhythmias. In the next future 3D-EAM-guide EMB will also represent an important research tool in the study of channellopathies and other genetically determined arrhythmic syndromes.
