**5. Acknowledgement**

This manuscript is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Walter H. Abelmann (1921-2011) who made many contributions to our understanding of myocarditis in the laboratory and clinic. We acknowledge the generous support provided by the Flight Attendant Medical Research Institute (FAMRI) for tobacco smoke related studies in our laboratory. We also express our appreciation to Ms. Patricia Crilley for her expert assistance in manuscript preparation.
