**4.1 Case 1**

A 62 year old white woman underwent penetrating keratoplasty in her right eye on April 23, 2002. Because of the appearance of deep new vessels, especially in nasal and upper corneal sectors, she underwent a retransplantation on February 26, 2003.

On the first post-operative control, slit lamp biomicroscopy revealed a retained Descemet's membrane and a supernumerary anterior chamber. The graft was clear with a best corrected visual acuity of 1/10 with +2 D sphere.

The patient opted for Laser treatment (March 2003) to improve visual function so that it was created a central circular opening in the retrograft membrane at optical zone level just one month after PK.

The laser was setted to 0.9 mJ with posterior focus shift and increased up to 1.7 mJ when a central tear appeared in the membrane; subsequently enlarged focusing the beam near to the first tear to create a central circular 2.5 mm opening.

There were no complication resulting from the Yag Laser treatment and the donor cornea remained thin and clear with a visual acuity two years after PK improved to 6/10 with +2 D sphere.

Fig. 2. Partial double anterior chamber in retained Descemet's membrane
