**Part 1**

**Developments in Treatment** 

**1** 

*UK* 

**Interpersonal Problems in People with** 

*2Loughborough University Centre for Research into Eating Disorders (LUCRED),* 

The term 'interpersonal' encompasses not only the patterns of interaction between the individual and significant others, but also the process by which these interactions are internalised and form part of the self-image (Sullivan, 1953). Interpersonal functioning is considered crucial to good mental health. According to Klinger (1977), when people are asked what makes their lives meaningful, most will mention their close relationships with others. Being involved in secure and fulfilling relationships is perceived by most individuals

Maladaptive interpersonal functioning is considered central to several psychiatric disorders, such as depression (e.g. Petty, et al, 2004), anxiety (e.g. Montgomery et al, 1991), schizophrenia (e.g. Sullivan & Allen, 1999) and autistic spectrum disorders (e.g. Travis & Sigman, 1998). Interpersonal skill deficits may cause vulnerability to developing mental health problems and may also play a role in maintaining it. This is the chicken and egg question: are interpersonal problems vulnerability factors for the development of a

Considering that unhealthy interpersonal functioning is central to several mental health problems, it is not surprising that evidence suggests this is also the case in eating disorders. Walsh et al (1985) demonstrated a high frequency of affective disorder, particularly major depression, among patients with bulimia nervosa (BN), which may explain the strong correlation found between this disorder (BN) and interpersonal problems (Hopwood et al, 2007). Research in this area have found that people suffering from BN were more likely to display domineering, vindictive, cold, socially avoidant, non-assertive, exploitable, overly

Social support and social networks have also been studied in people with BN. Grisset and Norvell (1992) found that people with BN reported receiving less emotional and practical support from friends and family. They argue that this inadequate support creates a

nurturing, or intrusive characteristics than non-BN (Hopwood et al, 2007).

as critical to wellbeing and happiness (Berscheid & Peplau, 1983).

psychiatric disorder or are they the result of this disorder?

**2. Interpersonal problems and eating disorders** 

**1. Introduction** 

**Bulimia Nervosa and the Role of** 

Jon Arcelus1,2, Debbie Whight1 and Michelle Haslam2

**Interpersonal Psychotherapy** 

*1Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust, Leicester,* 

*Loughborough University,* 
