**5. References**


<sup>\*</sup> Corresponding Author

[7] Ryner HC, Pisoni RL, Gillespie BW (2003) Creation, cannulation and survival of arteriovenous fistulae: data from DOPPS. Kidney int. 63:323.

468 Aneurysm

*3.5.4. Infection prevention* 

**4. Conclusion** 

**Author details** 

Iva Mesaroš Devčić

**5. References** 

Ivica Maleta, Božidar Vujičić\*

kidney dis. 37:137-181.

Semin.dial. 14:416-424.

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nephrol. 137:13-19.

Corresponding Author

 \*

development of metastatic infection, such as endocarditis, osteomyelitis, and vertebral abscess, which may sometimes develop even after the catheter has been removed

Strict hygienic measures during dialysis sessions, the use of sodium citrate solution for the maintenance of the catheter patency between dialysis sessions due to its antithrombotic and antiseptic characteristics, and preventive application of protective antimicrobial ointment on

Adequate patient preparation for hemodialysis includes AV fistula construction in time. AV fistula is the most appropriate type of vascular access for hemodialysis with less complication in comparison to other vascular access types. Use of endovenous catheters is sometimes needed, but should be limited only for emergency or in the patients with

[1] Ortega T, Ortega F, Diaz-Corte C, Rebollo P, Ma Baltar J, Alvarez-Grande J (2005) The timely construction of arteriovenous fistula: a key to reducing morbidity and mortality

[2] NKF-K/DOQUI Clinical Practice Qudelines for Vascular Access: Update (2000) Am j.

[3] Weijmer MA, ter Wee PM (2004) Temporary Vascular Access for Hemodialysis reatment. In: Ronco C, Levin NW, editors. Hemodialysis Vascular Access and

[4] Ash SR (2002) The evolution and function of central venous catethers for dialysis.

[5] Mickley V (2002) Central venous catheters: Many questions, few answers. Nephrol. dial.

[6] Pisoni LR (2002) Vascular Access use and outcomes: Results from DOPPS. Contrib.

and to improving cost management. Nephrol. dial. transplant. 20:598-603.

Peritoneal Dialysis Access. Contrib. nephrol. Basel: Karger. pp. 94-111.

the skin around the catheter exit site will reduce the risk of bacteremia [28].

 and Sanjin Rački *Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, University Hospital Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia* 

*Polyclinic for Hemodialysis ¨'Fresenius Medical Care¨', Delnice, Croatia* 

exhausted vessels for AV fistula or AV graft construction.

