**4. References**

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The Role of Liver Transplantation in HIV Positive Patients 269

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<sup>\*</sup> Corresponding Author

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268 Immunodeficiency

**Abbreviations** 

AIDS – Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome cART – Combined anti-retroviral therapy

NAFLD – Non-alcohol related fatty liver disease

and Kosh Agarwal

study. AIDS 2002 Aug 16;16(12):1663-1671.

Arch Intern Med 2006 Aug 14;166(15):1632-1641.

patients. Sex Transm Dis 2007 Jun;34(6):367-370.

viruses and alcohol. J Hepatol 2005 Jun;42(6):799-805.

*Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, Denmark Hill, London, UK* 

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related decompensated cirrhosis. Hepatology 2005 Apr;41(4):779-789.

DILI – Drug induced liver injury

HCC – Hepatocellular carcinoma HIV – Human immunodeficiency virus

HBV – Hepatitis B virus HCV – Hepatitis C virus

LT – Liver transplantation

**Author details** 

Deepak Joshi\*

**4. References** 

753.

Corresponding Author

 \*

Hepat 2007 Mar;14(3):183-188.


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**Chapter 13** 

© 2012 Whitaker et al., licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2012 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution,

**What I Knew was What I Learnt on the Street!** 

**Irish Drug Using Sex Workers Accounts of How** 

This paper draws from a larger piece of research conducted by the authors [1] for the National Advisory Committee on Drugs (NACD) whose remit is to provide advice to the Irish government on problematic drug use in Irish society. Under Action 98 of the Irish National Drug Strategy [2] the NACD was required to carry out research on drug misuse amongst groups who were considered 'at risk'. Prostitutes were identified as one such group. Because of the negative connotations and stigma associated with the word 'prostitute' the research team used the term 'sex-worker', the term favored by the World

• To briefly review research on the links between HIV and sex work, internationally

• To explore the Irish policy response to HIV prevention in relation to this population

The aim of this paper is to understand the myriad ways in which HIV was contracted and

The relationship between HIV and sex work is well documented. In 2009 the UNAIDS Advisory Group[7] was established to provide guidance and advice on issues to do with HIV and sex work, while at the same time emphasizing the human rights of female, male,

and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

• To describe the prevalence of HIV among sex workers in Ireland

• To explore the risk environment of drug using sex workers in Dublin

**They Contracted HIV and Hepatitis C** 

Teresa Whitaker, Paul Ryan and Gemma Cox

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

Health Organisation [3-6] and the United Nations [6].

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/51516

The objectives of this paper are:

managed by drug-using sex workers.

**2. Literature review** 

**1. Introduction** 

