*1.2.2. Microwave ablation*

Water molecules are polar, that is, the electric charges on the molecules are asymmetric. The alignment and the charges on the atoms are such that the hydrogen side of the molecule has a positive charge, and the oxygen side has a negative charge. When an oscillating electric charge from radiation interacts with a water molecule, it causes the molecule to flip. Microwave radiation is specially tuned to the natural frequency of water molecules to maximize this interaction. Temperature is a measure of how fast molecules move in a substance, and the vigorous movement of water molecules raises the temperature of water. Therefore, electromagnetic microwaves heat matter by agitating water molecules in the surrounding tissue, producing friction and heat, thus inducing cellular death via coagulation necrosis [6].
