**Author details**

María Victoria Busi and Diego F. Gomez-Casati *Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (CEFOBI-CONICET), Suipacha 570, Rosario, Argentina IIB-INTECH, Universidad Nacional de General San Martín (UNSAM), San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina* 

Mariana Martín *Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (CEFOBI-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 570, Rosario, Argentina* 

### **Acknowledgement**

504 The Complex World of Polysaccharides

**6. Conclusions** 

**Author details** 

Mariana Martín

*Suipacha 570, Rosario, Argentina* 

*San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina* 

María Victoria Busi and Diego F. Gomez-Casati

*Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (CEFOBI-CONICET),* 

*IIB-INTECH, Universidad Nacional de General San Martín (UNSAM),* 

*Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos (CEFOBI-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 570, Rosario, Argentina* 

properties of the transgenic starches were observed [82].

utilizing new enzymes with attached SBD is desirable [52,89,90].

starches containing the chimeric form had a spongeous appearance, as the granule surface contained many small holes and grooves, indicating that this fusion protein can interfere with the lateral interactions of amylopectin sidechains. No differences in physicochemical

Finally, all the knowledge gained about the characteristics, structure, function and occurrence of SBD and GBD will support current and future experimental research. Since SBD are domains which retain their structural fold and functional properties independently of the remaining parts of the protein molecule including the catalytic domain, they can be applied in various fields of biotechnology [48,83-86]. It is important to note that most of the applications have involved only the CBM20 SBD. One of the most attractive fields is represented by starch processing in the food industry, especially the hydrolysis of starch into maltodextrins and maltooligosaccharides [87]. Since conventional processes require starch gelatinization at elevated temperature and thus use of thermostable amylolytic enzymes [88], the possibility of carrying out the processes without gelatinization, by

Food production in terms of quality and quantity, as well as for new plants commodities and products in developed and developing countries, cannot based only on classical agriculture [91]. The metabolic engineering of plants has yielded remarkable results by increasing the production of minor components (essential oils, vitamin A, vitamin E and flavonoids) and, as well as the composition of major components, such as starch or fatty acids [92]. The improvement in the food we eat is necessary and crucial in societies that have bad eating habits. The health benefits provided by the intake of resistant starches have been properly tested and it will be desirable that these kinds of starches could be incorporated into the human diet. Molecular tools available at the present and those likely to be developed in the near future, will enable the development of new strategies to increase the content of resistant starch in grains and other vegetables. Manipulation of the starch synthesis pathway through the modification of enzymes belonging to this route, and the use of CBM (and specifically SBD) of both microbial and plant, are alternatives that are desirable to explore in more detail.

Our work is supported in part by grants from the Biotechnology Program from Universidad Nacional de General San Martin (UNSAM) (PROG07F 2-2007), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET, PIP 00237) and Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT, PICT 2010 – 0543 and PICT 2010 – 0069). MVB, MM and DGC are research members from CONICET.

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