**8. References**


Boileau AC, Merchen NR, Wasson K, Atkinson CA, Erdman JW (1999). cis-Lycopene is more bioavailable than trans-lycopene in vitro and in vivo in lymph-cannulated ferrets. J Nutr 129, 1176–1181.

502 Lipoproteins – Role in Health and Diseases

9 healthy subjects (mean age 25.272.2 years, BMI 20.271.6 kg/m2)

*Agriculture Research Centre, Giza, Egypt* 

cells. Nutrition Cancer, 33: 105-112.

plants. Food Chemistry, 127: 1600-1608.

trials. Cardiovascular Therabeutics, 28: 202-215.

*Department of Fats & Oils, Food Technology Research Institute,* 

human dietary intervention study. Lipids, 33: 981-984.

diseases. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 163: 739-744.

Porrini et al. (2002)

**Author details** 

**8. References** 

1-9.

6627-6633.

Amany M. M. Basuny

Type and duration of lycopene supplementation

7 mg lycopene (25 g tomato puree) with 150 g of spinach and 10 g of olive oil per day for 3 weeks

**Table 2.** Summary of clinical trials investigating the effects of supplementation of tomato products, tomato oleoresin or purified lycopene on biomarkers of oxidative stress and Carcinogenesis

Agarwal, A. & Rao, A. (1998): Tomato lycopene and low density lipoprotein oxidation: a

Agrawal, S. & Rao, V. (2000): Tomato lycopene and its role in human health and chronic

Amir, H.; Karas, M. & Giat, J. (1999): Lycopene 1, 25 di-hydroxy vitamin-D3 cooperate in the inhibition of cell cycle progression and induction of differentiation in Hl-60 leukemic

Badiman, L.; Vilahur, G. & Padro, T. (2010): Nutraceuticals and atherosclerosis: Human

Barros, L.; Carbrita, L.; Boas, M.; Carvaiho, A. & Ferreira, I. (2011): Chemical, biochemical and electrochemical assays to evaluate phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of wild

Basu, A. & Imrhan, V. (2006): Tomato versus lycopene in oxidative stress and carcinogenesis: conclusions from clinical trials. European Journal OF Clinical Nurition,

Basuny, A. M.; Mostafat, D. M. & Azouz, A. (20060: Supplementation of polyunsaturated oils with lycopene as natural antioxidant and antipolymerization during heating

Boileau, T. W.; Liao, Z.; Kim, S.; Lemeshow, S.; Erdman, J. & Clinton, S. (2003): Prostate carcinogensis in N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (NMW-testosterone-treated rats fed tomato

process. Minia Journal of Agricultural Research and Development, 26: 449-469. Basuny, A. M.; Gaafar, A. M. & Arafat, S. M. (2009): Tomato lycopene is a natural antioxidant and cn alleviate hypercholesterolemia. African Journal of Biotechnology, 23:

powder, lycopene, or energy-restricted diets. J Natl. Cancer Inst. 95: 1578-1586.

Effects on biomarkers of oxidative stress/ carcinogenesis

> Decreased DNA oxidative damage (P<0.05)

Not reported


Lorenz, M.; Fechner, M.; Kalkowski, J.; Frohlich, K.; Trautman, A.; Bohm, V.; Liebisch, G.; Lehneis, S.; Schmitz, G.; Ludwing, A.; Baumann, G.; Stangl, K. & Stangle, V. (2012): Effects of lycopene on the initial state of atherosclerosis in New Zealand white rabbits. PLoS one 7: 1-8.

504 Lipoproteins – Role in Health and Diseases

Biol Med 230, 171–179.

Am Coll Nutr 20, 232–238.

Radical Res 32, 93–102.

Food Chemistry, 130: 42-48.

Epidemiology, 146: 618-626.

406.

148: 49-56.

29, 1051–1055.

456S–460S.

Hantz, H. L.; Young, L. F.; Martin, K. R. (2005): Physiologically attainable concentrations of lycopene induce mitochondrial apoptosis in LNCaP human prostate cancer cells. Exp

Hininger, I. A.; Meyer-Wenger, A.; Moser, U.; Wright, A.; Southon, S. & Thurnham, D. (2001): No significant effects of lutein, lycopene or b-carotene supplementation on biological markers of oxidative stress and LDL oxidizability in healthy adult subjects. J

Holloway, D. E.; Yang, M.; Paganga, G.; Rice-Evans, C. A. & Bramley, P. M. (2000): Isomerization of dietary lycopene during assimilation and transport in plasma. Free

Hoppe, P. P.; Kramer, K.; Van den Berg, H.; Steenge, G. & Vliet, T. (2003): Synthetic and tomato-based lycopene have identical bioavailability in humans. Eur J Nutr 42, 272–278. Hwang, E. S. & Bowen, P. E. (2005): Effects of lycopene and tomato paste extracts on DNA and lipid oxidation in LNCaP human prostate cancer cells. Biofactors 23, 97–105. Jonker, D.; Kuper, C.; Fraile, N.; Estrella, A. & Otero, C. (2003): Ninety-day oral toxicity study of lycopene from Blakeslea trispora in rats. Regul Toxicol Pharmacology, 37: 396-

Kim, Y.; Park, Y.; Lee, K.; Jeon, S.; Gregor, R. & Choi, S. (2012): Dose dependent effects of lycopene enriched tomato wino on liver and adipose tissue in high fat diet fed rats.

Kiokias, S. & Gordon, M. H. (2003): Dietary supplementation with a natural carotenoid

Klipstein-Grobusch, K.; Launer, L.; Geleijnse, J.; Boeing, H.; Hofman, A. & Wtteman, J. (2000): Serum caroteniods and atherosclerosis. The Rotterdam study. Atherosclerosis,

Khachik, F.; Carvalho, L.; Bernstein, P.S; Muir, G.; Zhao, D. & Katz, N. (2002): Chemistry, distribution and metabolism of tomato carotenoids and their impact on human health.

Kohlmeir, L.; Kark, J.; Gomez-Garcia, E.; Martin, B.; Steck, S. & Kardinaal, A. (1997): Lycopene and myocardial infraction risk in the EURAMIC study. American Journal of

Kucuk, O.; Sarkar, F. H.; Sakr, W.; Djurie, Z.; Pollak, M. N. & Khachik, F. (2001): Phase II randomized clinical trial of lycopene supplemen- tation before radical prostatectomy.

Lee, A.; Thurnham, D. & Chopra, M. (2000): Consumption of tomato products with olive oil but not sunflower oil increases the antioxidant activity of plasma. Free Radical Biol Med

Levin, G.; Yeshurun, M. & Mokady, S. (1997): In vivo antiperoxidative effect of 9-cis bcarotene compared with that of the all-trans isomer. Nutr Cancer 27, 293–297. Libby, P. (2006): Inflammation and cardiovascular disease mechanisms. Am J Clin Nutr 83,

Liu, C.; Russell, R. M. & Wang, X. D. (2006): Lycopene supplementation prevents smokeinduced changes in p53, p53 phosphorylation, cell proliferation, and apoptosis in the

mixture decreases oxidative stress. Eur J Clin. Nutr 57, 1135–1140.

Experimental Biology and Medicine, 227: 845-851.

Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 10, 861–868.

gastric mucosa of ferrets. J Nutr 136, 106–111.


**Animal Models for Lipoprotein Research** 

506 Lipoproteins – Role in Health and Diseases

Nutr 69, 712–718.

Nutr 135, 431–436.

Cimica Acta, 330:57-83.

Nutrition, 133; 1930-1936.

tomato paste. J Nutr 132, 404–408.

Re, R.; Fraser P. D.; Long M, Bramley P. M. & Rice-Evans C. (2001): Isomerization of

Richelle, M.; Bortlik, K.; Liardet, S.; Hager, C.; Lambelet, P. & Baur, M. (2002): A food-based formulation provides lycopene with the same bioavailability to humans as that from

Riso, P.; Pinder, A.; Santangelo, A. & Porrini, M. (1999): Does tomato consumption effectively increase the resistance of lymphocyte DNA to oxidative damage? Am J Clin

Riso, P.; Visioli, F.; Erba, D.; Testolin, G. & Porrini, M. (2004): Lycopene and vitamin C concentrations increased in plasma and lymphocytes after tomato intake. Effects on

Rissanen, T.; Voutilainen, S.; Nyyssonen, K.; Salonen. & Salonen J. T. (2000): Low plasma lycopene concentrations is associated with increased intima-media thickness of the carotid artery wall. Arteisclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, 20: 677-2681. Rissanen, T.; Voutilainen, S.; Nyyssonen, K.; Salonon, J. Kaplan, G. & Salonen, J. (2003): Serum lycopene concentration and carotid atherosclerosis: the Kuopio Ischemic Heart

Sesson, H. D.; Liu, S.; Gaziano, M. & Buring, J. (2003): Dietary lycopene, tomato-based food products and cardiovascular disease in women. Journal of Nutrition, 133: 2336-341. Shi, J. (2000): Lycopene in tomatoes: Chemical and physical properties affected by food

Stahl, W.; Junghans, A.; Boer, B.; Driomina, E.; Briviba, K. & Sies, H. (1998): Carotenoid mixtures protect multilamellar liposomes against oxidative damage: synergistic effects

Unlu, N. Z.; Bohn, T.; Clinton, S. K. & Schwartz, S. J. (2005): Carotenoid absorption from salad and salsa by humans is enhanced by the addition of avocado or avocado oil. J

Upritchard, J. E.; Sutherland, W. H. F.; Mann, J, I. (2000): Effect of supplementation with tomato juice, vitamin E, and vitamin C on LDL oxidation and products of

Visioli, F.; Riso, P.; Grande, S.; Gall, C. & Porrini, M. (2003): Protective activity of tomato

Willis, M. S. & Wiams, F. H. (2003): The role of nutrition in preventing prostate cancer: a review of the proposed mechanisms of action of various dietary substances. Clinica

Wu, K.; Schwaz, S. J.; Platz, A.; Clinton, S.; Erdman, J. & Ferruzzi, M. (2003): Variations in plasma lycopene and specific isomers over time in a cohort of US men. Journal of

Zhao, X.; Aldini, G.; Johnson, E. J.; Rasmussen, H. Kraemer, K. & Woolf, H. (2006): Modification of lymphocyte DNA damage by carotenoid supplementation in

cellular antioxidant protection. Eur J Clin Nutr 58, 1350–1358.

Disease Risk Factor Study. Am J Clin Nutr 77, 133–138.

of lycopene and lutein. FEBS Lett. 42: 305-308.

processing. Critical Reviews In Food Science and Nutrition, 40: 1-42.

inflammatory activity in Type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 23, 733–738.

products on in vivo markers of lipid oxidation. Eur J Nutr 42, 201–206.

postmenopausal women. Am J Clin Nutr 83, 163–169.

lycopene in the gastric milieu. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 281, 576–581.
