**Author details**

Yuanxin Yan, Eli Borrego and Michael V. Kolomiets *Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA* 

#### **Acknowledgement**

This work was supported by the NSF grants IOS-0925561 and IOS-0951272 to Dr. Michael Kolomiets.

#### **6. References**


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**5. Conclusion** 

reproductive organ formation.

Yuanxin Yan, Eli Borrego and Michael V. Kolomiets

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pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 317:1-15.

**Author details** 

**Acknowledgement** 

*USA* 

Kolomiets.

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*Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas,* 

This work was supported by the NSF grants IOS-0925561 and IOS-0951272 to Dr. Michael

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**Chapter 17** 

© 2013 Zhang and Zhang, licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2013 The Author(s). Licensee InTech. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution,

**The Effect of Probiotics on Lipid Metabolism** 

Probiotics are dened as viable microorganisms that exhibit benecial effects on the health of the host [1]. Now, probiotics are known to possess physiological functions such as inhibition to pathogens, assisting digestion, immunoregulatory activity and antitumor activity [2]. Here, we discuss the effects of probiotic on lipid metabolism from seven main aspects including history, antioxidant effect, impact on lipoprotein, microflora view,

As early as in 1974, Mann and Spoerry observed that inhabitants from African Maasai tribes maintained a lower level of blood lipids due to a high fermented milk intake [3]. Further perspective suspected that live Lactobacilli included in fermented milk may contribute to reducing cholesterol [4]. The cholesterol-reducing effect of probiotic has become more apparent with the discovery of bile salt deconjugating and cholesterol assimilating ability of *Lactobacillus* [5] [6]. Thereafter, a set of screening procedures both *in vitro* and *vivo* was established for evaluation of cholesterol-reducing probiotics [7]. Many probiotic strains

A new study by Lye et al showed that there existed ve possible probiotic mechanisms including assimilation of cholesterol during growth, binding of cholesterol to cellular surface, disruption of cholesterol micelle, deconjugation of bile salt and bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity [9]. Now with the development of molecular biology, we can judge cholesterol-lowering effect firstly by detection of BSH gene and its expression in a probiotic genome. A recent study by Sridevi et al showed that *Lactobacillus buchneri* ATCC 4005 exhibited a great cholesterol-lowering property through an optimal condition of bile salt hydrolase production [10]. In conclusion from a meta-analysis, administration of probiotic

and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

mostly *L. acidophilus* were screened out with cholesterol-reducing property [8].

can exect benefits on total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol level of human [11].

Yong Zhang and Heping Zhang

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/51938

**1. Introduction** 

**1.1. Past and present** 

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

hormones, receptors and new mechanisms.

