**8. Conclusion**

The experience of the reviewed study evidences reliability to approach ex vivo more closely to the state of investigated tissue in the organism. In order to maintain native state of isolated tissue it is necessary to join the both, care of biochemical processes and physical structure. Only combined biochemical and biophysical approaches will provide attaining the desirable goal to study biochemical mechanisms of physiological processes ex vivo.

Study of Succinate Dehydrogenase and α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase in Mitochondria Inside Glass-Adhered Lymphocytes Under Physiological Conditions – The Two Dehydrogenases as Counterparts of … 259

Earlier we have stated that the main advantage of the CBCh method lies in the use of lymphocytes as indicators of the overall metabolic status of the entire organism, which is especially useful as an early diagnostic tool of various mitochondrial dysfunctions. This method

However, the CBCh method may also be used as a tool for the study of lymphocytes as an independent object of study, which carries important functions in the immune response. The use of the CBCh method for the study of dehydrogenase activity, as well as other indicators, is likely to lead to a better understanding of the dependence of the immune response on

The novel area of CBCh investigations of lymphocytes can be related with their use as cells possessing recently discovered pronounced ACH regulation, both - vagus -dependent and, particularly interesting, self-dependent, intracellular, which is based on the internal pool of non-neuronal ACH. The simultaneous study of ACH level and dehydrogenase activity in lymphocytes can provide further penetration into substrate-hormonal regulatory system

, Marina Zakharchenko, Andrej Zakharchenko,

M. Kondrashova wish to keep alive the memory of the teachers in physiology and biochemistry Professors Iliya Arshavsky and Sergei Severin, whose influence helped her to

The more than half a century correspondence with Britton Chance encouraged persistent

The authors are indebted to Rodrigue Rossignol for mutual understanding and support of

The authors are grateful to Dr. Polina Schwartsburd for the systematic valuable discussions

We are thankful to Dr. Fedor Kondrashov for creative editing the manuscript and Svetlana

This work was supported by the Federal target program "Investigations and elaborations of priority directions of scientific-technical complex of Russia for 2007-2012 (project no.

*Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics Russian Ac. Sci., Pushchino, Russia* 

find the own way in the area of these interdependent branches of biology.

attempts to fill the gap between isolated mitochondria and the organism.

can be also used for individual selection of drugs in sample of blood of a certain person.

mitochondrial functions.

**Author details** 

Marie Kondrashova\*

**Acknowledgement** 

our line of investigations.

on physiological regulation.

16.512.11.2117).

Corresponding Author

 \*

Sidorova for the help in translation.

that was pioneered in our laboratory.

Natalya Khunderyakova and Eugen Maevsky

This approach opens unknown areas in biochemical regulation in the organism, as shown for instance, by SDH and KDH regulation. One of the mostly known phenomenons, OAA inhibition of SDH, is considered as the main regulator of the SDH activity. However, according to investigations under more physiological conditions, it seems to be in many cases rather artifact of "preparative story" of mitochondria. The wide range of SDH states under the physiological and pathological conditions in the organism, compatible with life, are DH hyperactivation, which is far from the inhibition. This state is probably controlled by GTP, produced due to KDH activity in substrate-level phosphorylation during KGL oxidation. This restriction of SDH by KDH is in essence identical to reciprocal interrelationship between parasympathetic a sympathetic nervous regulation of physiological functions.

A very convincing observation of this substrate-hormonal interaction, as judged by the CBCh method, which cannot be achieved in investigation of isolated mitochondria, can be also mentioned as the crucial result of preservation of the native structure of mitochondria under study.
