**Acknowledgement**

This work was largely supported by Cornerstone Pharmaceuticals, Inc. with additional support from the Carol M. Baldwin Breast Cancer Research Fund; Stony Brook University Center for Biotechnology, and from the Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology and the School of Medicine at Stony Brook University. We are grateful to many colleagues for helpful discussions, including Robert Shorr, Robert Rodriguez, King Lee, Shawn D. Stuart, Sunita Gupta, and Alexandra Schauble. Both authors have a financial stake in Cornerstone Pharmaceuticals, Inc. the clinical developer of thioctoids, including CPI-613.
