**5. Conclusions**

The energy production in the hydro power is calculated using the hydraulic turbine selected considering a sell rate of 0.10€/kWh for 24 hour production as shown in Table 8 as well as the saving achieved with this energy configuration. The operating point of the turbine corre‐ sponds to a power net head of 40 m and an average flow of 6.6 l/s determined by the HPS

Energy Report

Carvalhal 0.07 2.12 49.04 63.35

After the calculation of the pump consumption and the turbine production, the values are inserted in the ANN model developed and compared with the results obtained with the CES model. For the analysis of the best hybrid energy solution it takes into account that the wind speed in the region of this case study has an average value of 5 m/s. It was considered the wind turbine model SW Skystream 3.7 with a rated power of 1.8 kW and a market price of € 15,000 and a micro hydro turbine (or a pump as turbine – PAT) with a market price estimat‐ ed in € 2,500 with a nominal power of 3.14 kW. For a lifetime analysis of 25 years, the ANN results show that the best hybrid solution for this case study is a grid + hydro with an NPV of €18,966, and the CES results point out for the same solution a NPV of €18,950, with a rela‐ tive error of 0.08% and a correlation coefficient of 0.999996. Figure 16 presents the results for all configurations calculated by ANN and CES models showing clearly the best solution.

Max. Power kW Power/day kW Saving (%)

model based on extended period simulations of 24h.

98 Water Supply System Analysis - Selected Topics

Turbine Production

**Table 8.** Energy production in the hydropower solution.

**Figure 16.** NPV results by ANN and CES models for the case study.

kWh/m3
