**Author details**

Alejandro García Juárez *University of Sonora, Department of Physics Research, Mexico* 

Ignacio Enrique Zaldívar Huerta *National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics. Department of Electronics, Mexico* 

Jorge Rodríguez Asomoza *University of the Americas-Puebla, Department of Electronics, Mexico*  María del Rocío Gómez Colín *University of Sonora, Department of Physics, Mexico* 

### **Acknowledgement**

This work was supported by The Mexican Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT), (grant No 102046).

#### **9. References**

162 Optical Communication

**8. Conclusions** 

ensure a good quality of images [51]. The differential gain and differential phase were not measured in this chapter. Nevertheless we have experimentally demonstrated that the generated microwave signal (relaxation oscillation frequency) by using direct detection can be used as information carriers in a multiplexed transmission system based in an analog

In this chapter we have described optical components used in the proposed experimental setup, as well as, we have experimentally demonstrated that two DFB lasers biased in the low laser threshold current region showed relaxation oscillation frequencies in the laser intensity. These frequencies were seen as sidebands on both sides of the main laser line when the optical spectrum was analyzed with a spectrum analyzer. This result allowed the generation of microwave signals on C band by using the operation principle of direct detection. Along with the proposed experimental setup in this work, an analog NTSC TV signal was simultaneously transmitted in an analog photonic link by using relaxation oscillation frequency as information carriers located at 4 and 5 GHz. The TV signal was received satisfactorily when the local oscillators were synchronized in the receiver. For our proposed experimental setup to be recovered the transmitted information successfully, it was necessary to have additional amplifiers which adapt the power levels, improving the quality of the signals. The results obtained in this work ensure that as an interesting alternative, several modulation schemes can be used for transmitting not only analog information but also digital information by using relaxation oscillation frequencies as information carriers. The proposed experimental setup described here can generate continually tuned microwaves. In addition, we can use this feature to transmit several TV signals using frequency division multiplexing schemes (FDM) and wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) techniques, not only point to point but also by using bidirectional systems, exploiting the use of mature microwave signal processing techniques, where multiple signals are multiplexed in the microwave domain and transmitted by a single optical carrier when subcarrier multiplexing (SCM) schemes are proposed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first published work on the employ of relaxation oscillation frequencies as information carriers for transmitting analog TV signals on a long distance photonic link. In addition, as an alternative of analog photonic links, our

photonic link and we have used a TV signal of test to verify it.

proposal shows outstanding performance.

*University of Sonora, Department of Physics Research, Mexico* 

*University of the Americas-Puebla, Department of Electronics, Mexico* 

*National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics. Department of Electronics, Mexico* 

**Author details** 

Alejandro García Juárez

Jorge Rodríguez Asomoza

Ignacio Enrique Zaldívar Huerta


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**Chapter 0 Chapter 8**
