**5. References**

	- [7] X.Y. Wang, K. Ouyang, J.C. Xia, G.A. Hu. FEM analysis of drawing-thickening technology in stamping-forging hybrid process. Forging & stamping technology. 2009,34(4):73-78.

**Chapter 3** 

© 2012 Bakhshi-Jooybari et al., licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2012 Bakhshi-Jooybari et al., licensee InTech. This is a paper distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use,

distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

**Developments in Sheet Hydroforming for** 

Sheet-metal forming processes are technologically among the most important metalworking processes. Products made by these processes include a large variety of shapes and sizes. Typical examples are automobile bodies, aircraft panels, appliance bodies, kitchen utensils

Among the various sheet-metal forming processes, hydroforming is one of the nontraditional ones. This process is also called hydromechanical forming, hydraulic forming or hydropunch forming. In hydroforming process, liquid is used as the medium of energy transfer to form the workpiece. The part is formed on a female die, with the liquid under

Hydroforming is applied more and more in the modern manufacturing industry. Comparing with the solid punch stretching process, hydroforming process results in a better strain state in the workpiece, so that a deeper draw can be achieved. The friction between tools and blank is greatly reduced. The advantages of hydroforming include low tooling cost, flexibility and ease of operation, low tool wear, no damage to the surface of the sheet,

Hydroforming process is divided into two main groups; sheet hydroforming and tube

Tube HydroForming (THF) is a process of forming hollow parts with different cross sections by applying simultaneously an internal hydraulic pressure and axial compressive loads to force a tubular blank to conform to the shape of a given die. Geometry of die and workpiece,

**Complex Industrial Parts** 

M. Bakhshi-Jooybari, A. Gorji and M. Elyasi

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

pressure acting in place of a conventional solid punch [1].

hydroforming. These are briefly stated in the following sections.

and capability to form complex shapes [2].

*Types of hydroforming process* 

*Tube hydroforming process* 

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/48142

**1. Introduction** 

and beverage cans [1].

