**5. Conclusion**

Transplantation is the process of removing plants that are at a certain age and planting them to other places in order to create the desired effect. When places such as public gardens, youth centers, schools, Olympiad villages should be designed in a short time, especially trees that are at a certain height and form are preffered. Plantation of young bushes doesn't create the same effect created by the older ones. The importance of transplantation in terms of landscaping as to minimize the loss of time until small bushes grow and have enough strength in the field. Younger bushes create the desired effect in 20-30 years while planting big trees that have aesthetic, functional and climatic effects will create the desired appearance and will balance size and space in a short time.

**Pruning:** Branches of trees that were broken and dried were pruned. This had a big effect in preventing water loss. 1/3 – ¼ of unnecessary branches were pruned and growth direction

**Irrigation and Mulching:** Mulching with 5-10 cm thick rotten leaves and well developed fertilizer applied on the bottom and all around the plants that were transplanted; mulching process decreased evaporation in the soil around roots thus protected the humid in soil. On the other hand, mulching balanced the heat of soil and made a positive effect on the life of the plant. Plants that were transplanted were irrigated periodically in order to develop the

Transplantation is the process of removing plants that are at a certain age and planting them to other places in order to create the desired effect. When places such as public gardens, youth centers, schools, Olympiad villages should be designed in a short time, especially trees that are at a certain height and form are preffered. Plantation of young bushes doesn't create the same effect created by the older ones. The importance of transplantation in terms of landscaping as to minimize the loss of time until small bushes grow and have enough strength in the field. Younger bushes create the desired effect in 20-30 years while planting big trees that have aesthetic, functional and climatic effects will create the desired

Fig. 16. Detail of supporting made with vertical piles.

relation between root and soil and give necessary moisture to the soil.

appearance and will balance size and space in a short time.

was controlled.

**5. Conclusion** 

Transfer time is very important in the process of removing and transferring plants. The most proper time for transplantation is the stable period between October and March. Mechanic tree mover rented for transplantation was requested from Karabük Municipality on March. But as the municipality had used the vehicle for its works, it was sent to the project on May. As the weather was very sunny and hot on the day of transplantation and the vehicle was rented only for two days, there was no other choice but to complete transplantation in two days. This caused plants to adapt their new places difficultly. As the proper period for transplantation, namely early spring had passed and it was very hot, a more intensive care was necessary. Not making enough maintenance caused drying of two *Cedrus libani* species. Dried cedars were removed from the field.

#### **6. References**

Anonymous, 2012 a. Transplantating Trees and Shrubs,

 (http://www.ag.ndsu.edu/pubs/plantsci/trees/f1147w.htm), (accessed 19 April 2012).


**1. Introduction** 

2003).

**16** 

*Turkey* 

**Xeriscape in Landscape Design** 

The term Xeriscape comes from the Greek word xeros, meaning dry. The concept originated in Denver, Colorado, in the early 1980s. Because of severe drought conditions, Denver had rationed water and prohibited irrigation of lawns and yards. A number of terms describe waterconserving landscaping. Among them are "xeriscaping," "low water use," "droughttolerant," waterwise," and "desert" landscaping. Xeriscaping, a widely promoted term the past several years, is a word of Greek origin with *xeros* meaning dry, combined with landscaping. Drought-tolerant indicates the ability of a plant to survive on limited water, although these plants usually look better as water is increased. With improper watering, a drought-resistant plant may become a water guzzler in the landscape. As a result, vegetation in yards withered, and Denver landscapers began promoting what they called Xeriscape, a landscaping approach that uses small amounts of water but maintains a traditional look. Since that time the Xeriscape concept has been adopted in many areas of the country experiencing drought or long term dry conditions, and actual Xeriscape practices have evolved differently in various places (Welsh, 2000). The goal of a xeriscape is to create a visually attractive landscape that uses plants selected for their water efficiency. Properly maintained, a xeriscape can easily use less than one-half the water of a traditional landscape. Once established, a xeriscape should require less maintenance than turf landscape. A Xeriscape-type landscape can reduce outdoor water consumption by as much as 50 percent without sacrificing the quality and beauty of your home environment. It is also an environmentally sound landscape, requiring less fertilizer and fewer chemicals. And a Xeriscape-type landscape is low maintenance — saving you time, effort and money. Any landscape, whether newly installed or well established, can be made more water efficient by implementing one or more of the seven steps. You do not have to totally redesign your landscape to save water. Significant water savings can be realized simply by modifying your watering schedule, learning how and when to water, using the most efficient watering methods and learning about the different water needs of plants in your landscape (Wade et al., 2002). In urban areas, about 25 percent of the water supply is used to water landscapes and gardens. In the summer, as much as 60 percent of the water the average household uses may be for landscape maintenance. Many traditional landscapes require large amounts of water, and much of this water isapplied inefficiently (Texas Agricultural Extension Service,

Ayten Özyavuz1 and Murat Özyavuz2

*2Namk Kemal University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Landscape Architecture, Tekirdağ*

*1Namk Kemal University* 

