**5. References**


<sup>\*</sup> Corresponding Author

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[3] Otake, M.; Kagami, Y.; Inaba, M.; Kim, B. & Inoue, H. (2002). Motion design of a starfishshaped gel robot made of electro-active polymer gel. *Robotics and Autonomous* 

[4] Steinberg, I, Z.; Oplatka, A.; Kachalsky, A. (1996). Mechanochemnical engines, *Nature,* 

[5] Feinberg, A. W. Feigel, A. Shevkoplyas, S. S. Sheehy, S. Whitesides, G, M. & Parker, K. K (2007). Muscular thin films for building actuators and powering devices, *Science*,

[6] Harada, A. ; Kataoka, K. (1999). Chain length recognition: core-shell supramolecular assembly from oppositely charged block copolymers. *Science*, 283, pp. 65-67 ISSN 1095-

[7] Kim, J.; Nayak, S.; Lyon, L. A. (2005). Bioresponsive hydrogel microlenses, *Journal of the* 

[8] Kwon, G.H.; Park, J.Y.; Kim, J.Y.; Frisk, M.L.; Beebe, D.J.; Lee, S.H. Biomimetic Soft

[9] Hoffman, A. S. (2002) Hydrogels for biomedical applications, *Advanced Drug Delivery* 

*[11]* Hirokawa, Y.; Tanaka, T. (1984). Volume phase transition in a non ionic gel, *Journal of* 

*[12]* Ilmain, F.; Tanaka, T., Kokufuta, E. (1991). Volume transition in a gel by hydrogen

[13] Tanaka, T. (1978). Collapse of gels and critical endpoint, *Physical Review Letters*, 40,

[14] Suzuki, A.; Tanaka, T. (1990). Phase transition in a polymer gels induced by visible-

[15] Kuhn, W. ; Hargity, B. ; Katchalsky, A. & Eisenberg, H. (1950). Reversible Dilation and Contraction by Changing the State of Ionization of High-Polymer Acid Networks,

[16] Hu, Z.; Zhang, X. & Li, Y. (1995). Synthesis and Application of Modulated polymer gels.

[17] Yeghiazarian, L. Mahajan, S. Montemagno, C. Cohen, C. & Wiesner, U. (2005). Directed Motion and Cargo Transport Through Propagation of Polymer-Gel Volume Phase Transitions, *Advanced Materials*, Vol.17, No.15, (August 2005), pp. 1869-1873, ISSN 0935-

[18] Huber, D. L.; Manginell, R. P.; Samara, M. A.; Kim, B. & Bunker, B. C. (2003). Programmed Adsorption and Released of proteins in a Microfluidic device, *Science,* 

[19] Beebe, D. J.; Moore, J. S.; Bauer, J. M.;Yu, Q.;Liu, R. H.;Devadoss, C.; Jo, B. H. (2000). Functional hydrogel structures for autonomous flow control inside microfluidic

*Systems,* Vol.40, No.2-3, (August 2002), pp. 185-191, ISSN 0921-8890

Vol.317, No.5843, (September 2007), pp.1366-1370, ISSN 0036-8075

*American Chemical Society*, 127, pp. 9588–9592 ISSN 0002-7863

Multifunctional Miniature Aquabots. *Small* 2008, 4, 2148-2153.

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**Section 3** 
