**2. Microorganisms**

The bacterial isolates *Staphylococcus aureus* either showing immobilization or agglutination of human spermatozoa, were isolated from the cervices of women suffering from unexplained infertility, attending the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Government Multi Speciality Hospital, Sector-16, Chandigarh, India. The isolates of *Escherichia coli* were isolated from semen samples of infertile males attending the infertility clinic at the Department of Urology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh.
