**6. References**

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[23] Zhang, Y.; Dallas, A. J.; Carr, P. W. Critical comparison of gas hexadecane partitioncoefficients as measured with packed and open-tubular capillary columns J.

[24] Li, Q.; Poole, C. F.; Kiridena, W.; Koziol, W.W. Chromatographic methods for the

[25] Abraham, M.H.; Andonian-Haften, J.; My Du, C.; Osei-Owusu, J. P.; Sakellariou, P. Shuely, W.J.; Poole, C.F.; Poole, S.K. Comparison of uncorrected retention data on a capillary and a packed hexadecane column with corrected retention data on a packed

[26] Defayes, G.; Fritz, D. F.; Görner, T.; Huber, G.; De Reyff, C.; Kovats, E. sz. J. Chromatogr., Organic solutes in paraffin solvents: Influence of the size of the solvent

[27] Havelec, P.; Sevcik, J. G. K. Concept of additivity for a nonpolar solute-solvent criterion

[28] Havelec, P.; Sevcik, J. G. K. (1996). Extended additivity model of parameter log(L(16)) ,J.

[29] Tranchant, J. Manuel pratique de chromatographie en phase gazeuse, Masson, Paris,

[30] Dallas, A.J.; Carr, P.W. Direct chromatographic comparison of the relative adsorption activity of various types of capillary transfer tubing Anal. Chim. Acta 1991; 251 83-93. [31] Kersten, B.R. & Poole C.F. Influence of concurrent retention mechanisms on the determination of stationary phase selectivity in gas chromatography J. Chromatogr.

[32] Donovan, S.F. (1996). New method for estimating vapor pressure by the use of gas

[33] Revelli, A.-L.; Mutelet, F. & Jaubert, J.-N. Partition coefficients of organic compounds in new imidazolium based ionic liquids using inverse gas chromatography. Journal of

[34] Revelli, A.-L.; Mutetet, F.; Turmine, M.; Solimando, R. & Jaubert, J.-N. Activity coefficients at infinite dilution of organic compounds in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate using inverse gas chromatography. Journal of Chemical and

[35] Mutelet, F., Jaubert, J.-N.; Rogalski, M.; Harmand, J.; Sindt, M. & Mieloszynski, J.-L. Activity coefficients at infinite dilution of organic compounds in 1- (meth)acryloyloxyalkyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide using inverse gas

[36] Mutelet, F.; Jaubert, J.-N.; Rogalski, M.; Boukherissa, M. & Dicko, A. Thermodynamic properties of mixtures containing ionic liquids: Activity coefficients at infinite dilution of organic compounds in 1-propyl boronic acid-3-alkylimidazolium bromide and 1 propenyl-3-alkylimidazolium bromide using inverse gas chromatography. Journal of

chromatography. Journal of Physical Chemistry B 2008; 112 (12) 3773-3785.

Log L(16) – Nonaromatic compounds J. Chromatogr. A 1994; 677 319-329.

determination of the logL16 solute descriptorAnalyst, 2000; 125 2180-2188.

squalane column J. Chromatogr. A 1994; 688 125-134.

chromatography J. Chromatogr. A 1996; 749 123-129.

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Chromatography A 2009; 1216 (23) 4775-4786.

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[23] Zhang, Y.; Dallas, A. J.; Carr, P. W. Critical comparison of gas hexadecane partitioncoefficients as measured with packed and open-tubular capillary columns J. Chromatogr. 1993; 638, 43-56.

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Scand., B 1985; 39 611-628.

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[9] Kamlet, M.J.; Abboud, J.-L.M.; Abraham, M.H. & Taft, R.W. Linear solvation energy relationships. 23. A comprehensive collection of the solvatochromic parameters, π\*, α, and β, and some methods for simplifying the generalized solvatochromic equation.

[10] Kamlet, M.J. & Taft, R.W. Linear Solvation Energy Relationships. Local Empirical Rules -- or Fundamental Laws of Chemistry? A Reply to the Chemometricians., Acta Chem.

[11] Kamlet, M.J.; Doherty, R.M.; Abraham, M.H.; Marcus, Y. & Taft, R.W. Linear solvation energy relationships. 46. An improved equation for correlation and prediction of octanol/water partition coefficients of organic nonelectrolytes (Including strong hydrogen bond donor solutes). Journal of Physical Chemistry, (1998); 18 (92) 5244-5255. [12] Taft, R.W. & Kamlet, M.J. The solvatochromic comparison method. 2. The α-scale of solvent hydrogen-bond donor (HBD) acidities. Journal of the American Chemical

[13] Abraham, M. H & Whiting, G.S. Hydrogen-bonding. Part 22. Characterization of soybean oil and prediction of activity coefficients in soybean oil from inverse gas

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[16] Weckwerth, J.D.; Carr, P.W.; Vitha, M.F.; Nasehzadeh, A. A comparison of gashexadecane and gas-apolane partition coefficients Anal. Chem. 1998; 70 3712-3716. [17] Abraham, M. H.; Whiting, G. S. & Doherty R. M. Hydrogen Bonding. Part 13. A New Method for the Characterization of GLC Stationary Phases-The Lafford Data Set. J.

[18] Abraham, M. H.; Whiting, G. S.; Doherty, R. M. & Shuely, W. J. Hydrogen bonding XVI. A new solute solvation parameter, π2H, from gas chromatographic data. J. Chromatogr.

[19] Abraham, M. H. Scales of Solute Hydrogen-bonding: Their construction and Application to Physicochemical and Biochemical Processes. Chem. Soc. Rev. 1993; 22

[20] Platts, J.A.; Butina, D.; Abraham, M.H. & Hersey, A. Estimation of molecular linear free energy relation descriptors using a group contribution approach. Journal of Chemical

[21] Abraham, M.H. & Platts, J.A. Hydrogen bond structural group constants. Journal of

[22] Weckwerth, J.D. & Carr, P.W. Study of Interactions in Supercritical Fluids and Supercritical Fluid Chromatography by Solvatochromic Linear Solvation Energy

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**Chapter 17** 

© 2012 Nigović et al., licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2012 Nigović et al., licensee InTech. This is a paper distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

**A Review of Current Trends and Advances in** 

**Analytical Methods for Determination of Statins:** 

Statins are now among the most frequently prescribed agents for reducing morbidity and mortality related to cardiovascular diseases (Figure 1) and analysis of these drugs is a current problem. The major therapeutic action of statin drugs is reduction of circulating atherogenic lipoproteins as a result of inhibition of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase [1]. The key enzyme catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, a critical intermediary in the cholesterol biosynthesis. This mechanism was discovered in 1976, when Endo and co-workers isolated a compound mevastatin from *Penicillium citrinum* that exhibited cholesterol-lowering effects [2]. Clinical studies have shown that statins significantly reduce the risk of heart attack and death in patients with proven coronary artery disease, and can also reduce cardiac events in patients with high cholesterol levels [3]. Beside lipid-lowering activity, statins improve endothelial function, maintain plaque stability and prevent thrombus formation. There is also an increased

Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of death in middle- and high-income countries, killing over 7 million people each year. Cardiovascular disease has no geographic, gender or socio-economic boundaries, and will remain the leading cause of death globally in the future. Therefore, the development of new analytical methods for statin drugs is of great importance. Analytical methods are employed through entire life cycle of a drug, from design and manufacture, elucidating the mechanism of biotransformation, clinical trials, dosage scheme adjustment, its introduction into the marketplace, quality control and pharmacovigilance to drug recycling and disposal with emphasis on environmental

interest in statins non-lipid activities such as an anti-inflammatory action [4].

**Chromatography and Capillary Electrophoresis** 

Biljana Nigović, Ana Mornar and Miranda Sertić

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/48694

**1. Introduction** 

protection.

