**5. Acknowledgment**

The authors would like to thank all the members of Setor de Entomologia Forense from Laboratório de Transmissores de Leishmanioses at Instituto Oswaldo Cruz- FIOCRUZ for the encouragement and help, especially to Prof. Catarina Macedo Lopes, who helped and made some figures of this chapter. The financial support CAPES, CNPq, FAPERJ and FIOCRUZ.
