**Meet the editor**

Professor Jay Maddock, Ph.D., FAAHB is Professor and Director of the Office of Public Health Studies at the University of Hawai'i at Mānoa and Luojia Chair Professor at Wuhan University. Professor Maddock has extensive experience in system, environmental and policy research to improve population level risk factors for chronic disease. Dr. Maddock chaired the state board

of health and was a charter member of the NIH study section on Community-Level Health Promotion. He is an author of over 75 scientific articles. He is the Honorary Secretary for the Asia-Pacific Academic Consortium for Public Health. His research has been featured in several national magazines including Eating Well, Prevention and Good Housekeeping.

Contents

**Preface IX** 

Chapter 3 **Assessing the Outline** 

Chapter 4 **Review of Ames Assay Studies** 

Chapter 5 **Old Obstacles on New Horizons:** 

Christopher V. Charles

Chapter 6 **Iron Deficiency Anemia:** 

**Section 1 Measurement and Methodology 1** 

Chapter 1 **Potential Risk: A New Approach 3** 

Chapter 2 **Child Mental Health Measurement:** 

**Reflections and Future Directions 27** 

**of the Urine of Clinical Pathology and** 

**The Challenge of Implementing Gene X** 

**Section 2 Environmental and Nutritional Issues 107** 

**Uncertainty of Spatial Disease Clusters 51**  Fernando L. P. Oliveira, André L. F. Cançado, Luiz H. Duczmal and Anderson R. Duarte

Handerson J. Dourado Leite and Marcus V. Teixeira Navarro

Veronika Ottova, Anders Hjern, Carsten-Hendrik Rasche, Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer and the RICHE Project Group

**Forensic Laboratory Personnel and Other Occupations, such as Oncology Hospitals and Nursing Personnel 66**  Majid Rezaei Basiri, Mahmoud Ghazi-khansari, Hasan Rezazadeh,

**Environment Discoveries in Schizophrenia Research 77**  Conrad Iyegbe, Gemma Modinos and Margarita Rivera Sanchez

**A Public Health Problem of Global Proportions 109** 

Mohammad Ali Eghbal, Iraj swadi-kermani, H. Hamzeiy, Hossein Babaei, Ali Reza Mohajjel Naebi and Alireza Partoazar

### Contents

#### **Preface XIII**



Contents VII

Chapter 18 **Alcoholism and the Russian Mortality Crisis 367**  Irina Denisova and Marina Kartseva

**Current Concepts, Epidemiology,** 

Yuichiro Abe and Anne Germain

**Pathophysiology and Future Remarks 387** 

**A Gendered Analysis of the Importance** 

**of Fertility Preservation for Cancer Patients 419**  Lisa Campo-Engelstein, Sarah Rodriguez and Shauna Gardino

Chapter 19 **Insomnia and Its Correlates:** 

Chapter 20 **Saving More than Lives:** 


#### **Section 3 Health Systems 249**


#### **Section 4 Global Health 325**


VI Contents

Chapter 7 **Snakebite Envenoming: A Public Health Perspective 131**

**Food Products: An Issue of Public Health 163**

K. W. Lem, S-H. Hsu, D. S. Lee, Z. Iqbal, S. Sund, S. Curran, C. Brumlik, A. Choudhury, D. S-G. Hu,

Marco Sebastiano Nicolò and Salvatore Pietro Paolo Guglielmino

**for the Safe Use of Nanosilver in Consumer Products – Its Impact on the Eco-Product Design for Public Health 217**

María Constanza Lozano and Mary Trujillo

Chapter 9 **Viable but Nonculturable Bacteria in Food 189**

N. Chiu, R. C. Lem and J. R. Haw

**Health Practice: The Ethics of Industry** 

Paweł Kretowicz and Tomasz Chaberko

Francisco de Assis S. Santos and Renato Garcia

P. Th. Houngbo, G. J. v. d. Wilt, D. Medenou, L. Y. Dakpanon, J. Bunders and J. Ruitenberg

**Diseases in the Global Health Agenda 327**  Julio Frenk, Octavio Gómez-Dantés and Felicia M. Knaul

Chapter 16 **Diseases of Poverty: The Science of the Neglected 335** 

Chapter 17 **Health-Longevity Medicine in the Global World 347** 

Daniela Motoc, Simona Geacăr and Traian Ionescu

Pascale Allotey, Daniel D. Reidpath and Shajahan Yasin

**Alliance with Health Promoting Charities 251**

**in Poland – Organization, Availability and Space 267** 

**of Health Technology into Public Health Center 289** 

**Devices for the Public Health Care Sector in Benin 313** 

José María Gutiérrez

Chapter 8 **Chemical Residues in Animal**

Chapter 10 **Waste Minimization** 

**Section 3 Health Systems 249** 

Chapter 11 **New Challenges in Public**

Nathan Grills

Chapter 13 **Planning Incorporation** 

**Section 4 Global Health 325**

Chapter 15 **Non-Communicable** 

Chapter 12 **Primary and Hospital Healthcare** 

Chapter 14 **Policy and Management of Medical** 

Dan Riga, Sorin Riga,

Chapter 20 **Saving More than Lives: A Gendered Analysis of the Importance of Fertility Preservation for Cancer Patients 419**  Lisa Campo-Engelstein, Sarah Rodriguez and Shauna Gardino

Preface

methodologies is needed.

insomnia and a gendered analysis.

Public health can be thought of as a series of complex systems. Many things that individual living in high income countries take for granted like the control of infectious disease, clean, potable water, low infant mortality rates require a high functioning systems comprised of numerous actors, locations and interactions to work. Many people only notice public health when that system fails. With widespread globalization occurring, public health issues have become transnational. Infectious diseases like SARS, H1N1 or the common cold can be transmitted within hours across national borders via airplane. Pollution and environmental degradation can be outsourced from high income countries to lower income countries via trade imbalances in manufacturing or recycling. Even NCDs can be transmitted via the global market for tobacco and fast food. For public health to continue to protect the public from these threats clear systems thinking with the development of novel

The first section of this book explores novel measurement and methodologies for a variety of public health concerns. Chapters include assessing risk and uncertainty, measurement of mental health in children, the use of the Ames assay and measuring gene by environment interactions. The second section examines issues in the food system and environmental risks. A safe, reliable food system is essential for public health in every country. Issues in this section include the presence of chemical residues in animal food products, bacteria in food and iron deficiency anemia. The two environmental health chapters include snakebites, one of the oldest public health problems and waste minimization in nanosilver productions one of the newest public health concerns. The third section of the book reviews some of the major challenges in health systems. These include health resources, technology and management of medical devices. The role of private business in public health is also explored. The final section contains a variety of issues related to global health. This includes the rise of NCDs in low and middle income countries, neglected diseases related to poverty and health and longevity medicine. A chapter of alcoholism and mortality examines the effects of a public health system breakdown. Final chapters review men's health,

This book exemplifies the global nature of public health. All six inhabited continents are represented by authors in this book. The home country of the authors include

### Preface

Public health can be thought of as a series of complex systems. Many things that individual living in high income countries take for granted like the control of infectious disease, clean, potable water, low infant mortality rates require a high functioning systems comprised of numerous actors, locations and interactions to work. Many people only notice public health when that system fails. With widespread globalization occurring, public health issues have become transnational. Infectious diseases like SARS, H1N1 or the common cold can be transmitted within hours across national borders via airplane. Pollution and environmental degradation can be outsourced from high income countries to lower income countries via trade imbalances in manufacturing or recycling. Even NCDs can be transmitted via the global market for tobacco and fast food. For public health to continue to protect the public from these threats clear systems thinking with the development of novel methodologies is needed.

The first section of this book explores novel measurement and methodologies for a variety of public health concerns. Chapters include assessing risk and uncertainty, measurement of mental health in children, the use of the Ames assay and measuring gene by environment interactions. The second section examines issues in the food system and environmental risks. A safe, reliable food system is essential for public health in every country. Issues in this section include the presence of chemical residues in animal food products, bacteria in food and iron deficiency anemia. The two environmental health chapters include snakebites, one of the oldest public health problems and waste minimization in nanosilver productions one of the newest public health concerns. The third section of the book reviews some of the major challenges in health systems. These include health resources, technology and management of medical devices. The role of private business in public health is also explored. The final section contains a variety of issues related to global health. This includes the rise of NCDs in low and middle income countries, neglected diseases related to poverty and health and longevity medicine. A chapter of alcoholism and mortality examines the effects of a public health system breakdown. Final chapters review men's health, insomnia and a gendered analysis.

This book exemplifies the global nature of public health. All six inhabited continents are represented by authors in this book. The home country of the authors include

#### X Preface

Australia, Turkey, Poland, Mexico, Brazil, Canada, Korea, The Netherlands, Japan, Benin, Malaysia, USA, Russia, Romania, Taiwan, Iran, Costa Rica, Columbia, Sweden, Germany and Italy. This trans-national list of authors provides an important view of the future of public health and the increased need to collaborate with public health professionals across the world to address the myriad of public health issues. I hope you enjoy reading the following chapters. I find them to be insightful and to provide an excellent collection of the ways that methodology advances and systems sciences are being used to protect and promote the public's health. Aloha.

> **Prof. Jay Maddock**  Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa USA

X Preface

Australia, Turkey, Poland, Mexico, Brazil, Canada, Korea, The Netherlands, Japan, Benin, Malaysia, USA, Russia, Romania, Taiwan, Iran, Costa Rica, Columbia, Sweden, Germany and Italy. This trans-national list of authors provides an important view of the future of public health and the increased need to collaborate with public health professionals across the world to address the myriad of public health issues. I hope you enjoy reading the following chapters. I find them to be insightful and to provide an excellent collection of the ways that methodology advances and systems sciences

**Prof. Jay Maddock** 

USA

Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa

are being used to protect and promote the public's health. Aloha.

**Section 1** 

**Measurement and Methodology** 
