**Author details**

Henning Mextorf, Frank Daschner, Mike Kent and Reinhard Knöchel *University of Kiel, Germany*

### **7. References**

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18 Will-be-set-by-IN-TECH

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**Concepts and Components for**

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/55082

obtained at a given signal bandwidth [14].

cited.

**1. Introduction**

can hardly be found.

**Pulsed Angle Modulated Ultra Wideband**

Alexander Esswein, Robert Weigel, Christian Carlowitz and Martin Vossiek

**Chapter 13**

Ultra Wideband (UWB) systems have been utilized and commercialized since the beginning of the 1970s and have been successfully used in ground-, wall- and foliage-penetration, collision warning and avoidance, fluid level detection, intruder detection and vehicle radar and also for the topics of the intended research project, communication and position-location [1]. Up

UWB has the potential to yield solutions for the challenging problem of time dispersion caused by multipath propagation in indoor channels. For a local positioning system, multipath propagation determines the physical limit of the maximal accuracy that can be

There exist several techniques which are used to generate ultra wideband signals. Traditionally, UWB was defined as pulse based radio. Especially for radar and localization applications, the use of very narrow pulses is still the most dominant technique. In addition to that, there are UWB systems that use more complex modulation techniques, like multiband orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (MB-OFDM) or direct sequence code-division multiple access (DS-CDMA) to spread the transmitted information over a large bandwidth. They are applied in communication systems whereas radar systems that use such techniques

Recently there can be recognized an increasing interest for UWB technologies applied in mm-wave frequency bands. This interest is stimulated by novel regulation for future vehicular UWB systems in the 79 GHz band (77 - 81 GHz) [12], novel international allocation of unlicensed bands ranging from 57 - 66 GHz [9] and the attractive ISM bands at 122.5 GHz with 1 GHz bandwidth and at 244 GHz with 2 GHz bandwidth. Also, the 61.5 GHz ISM band with 500 MHz available bandwidth is often considered as a "de-facto" UWB band even though the bandwidth is just less than the bandwidth of 500 MHz usually demanded as the minimal bandwidth for UWB. The great advantage of mm-wave UWB bands is that they do not suffer from the severe power regulations known from standard UWB. At the above

> ©2013 Esswein et al., licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly

©2013 Esswein et al., licensee InTech. This is a paper distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

to now, the latter two fields have been treated separately in most developments.

**Communication and Radar Systems**

