**5. References**

	- [9] Pescosolido, L., Barbarossa, S. & Scutari, G. [2008]. Radar sensor networks with distributed detection capabilities, *Proc. IEEE Int. Radar Conf.*, pp. 1–6.
	- [10] Srinivasan, R. [1986]. Distributed radar detection theory, *IEE Proceedings-F* Vol. 133(No. 1): 55–60.

**Cooperative Localization and Object Recognition**

**Chapter 9**

Rudolf Zetik, Honghui Yan, Elke Malz, Snezhana Jovanoska, Guowei Shen, Reiner S. Thomä, Rahmi Salman, Thorsten Schultze, Robert Tobera, Hans-Ingolf Willms, Lars Reichardt, Malgorzata Janson, Thomas Zwick, Werner Wiesbeck, Tobias Deißler and

Ultra-wideband (UWB) radio sensor networks promise interesting perspectives for emitter and object position localization, object identification and imaging of environments in short range scenarios. Their fundamental advantage comes from the huge bandwidth which could be up to several GHz depending on the national regulation rules. Consequently, UWB technology allows unprecedented spatial resolution in the geo-localization of active UWB radio devices and high resolution in the detection, localization and tracking of passive objects. With the lower frequencies (< 100 Hz) involved in the UWB spectrum, looking into or through non-metallic materials and objects becomes feasible. This is of major importance for applications like indoor navigation and surveillance, object recognition and imaging, through wall detection and tracking of persons, ground penetrating reconnaissance, wall structure analysis, etc. UWB sensors preserve their advantages -high accuracy and robust operation- even in complicated, multipath rich propagation environments. Compared to optical sensors, UWB radar sensors maintain their capability and performance in situation where optical sensors collapse. They can even produce useful results in non-LOS (non-Line of

Despite the excellent range resolution capabilities of UWB radar sensors, detection and localization performance can be significantly improved by the cooperation between spatially distributed nodes of a sensor network. This allows robust localization even in the case of partly obscured links. Moreover, distributed sensor nodes can acquire comprehensive knowledge of the structure of an unknown environment and construct an electromagnetic image which is related to the relative sensor-to-sensor node coordinate system. Distributed observation allows the robust detection and localization of passive objects and the identification of certain features of objects such as shape, material composition, dynamic parameters, and time-variant behavior. This all makes UWB a promising basis for the

> ©2013 Malz et al., licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly

©2013 Malz et al., licensee InTech. This is a paper distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

**in Autonomous UWB Sensor Networks**

Additional information is available at the end of the chapter

Sight) situations by taking advantage of multipath.

cited.

Jörn Thielecke

**1. Introduction**

http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/55077


178 Ultra-Wideband Radio Technologies for Communications, Localization and Sensor Applications **Chapter 9 Chapter 9**
