**2.1.7 Initial population**

378 Genetic Diversity in Plants

For established individuals, the relative rate of serving as an eligible pollen donor that contributes pollen to a given mating is conditioned by its age according to Table 1. Pollen production is proportional relative to the highest value in the input. For the ages that are not specified by the input values, the pollen rate is linearly interpolated. Once NEWGARDEN selects an age-class and distance class (see below) for the pollen donor, one donor is chosen

Individuals can "die" in a number of different ways during a trial run. Death means that the individual is removed from the grid system and from further population processes and analyses. If the offspring is distributed outside of the defined preserve grid system, it automatically dies. An offspring will die in the event that it lands on a grid point that is already occupied by an individual that will survive to the next generation. When an ovule isn't pollinated since an eligible pollen donor is not within the range of the ovule producer, this counts as a reproductive event followed by immediate death of the potential offspring. If two or more offspring land at the same grid point, one is randomly chosen as the survivor with others deleted. Death of individuals is also age-dependent as specifiable by the user. For all trials here, age-specific probabilities of dying are given in Table 1. Ages without a specified risk of death are linearly interpolated between bounding values. In our trials, founders reach age 114, so there is a probability that several founders are still alive by the

> Relative rate of pollen provisioning

0 0 0 0.3 1 0 0 0.2 4 0 0 0.1

7 0 0.05

10 0.04 0.5 0.02

115 1.3 1.16 0.02 Table 1. Input Parameters Held Constant. User specified age-specific input conditions for reproductive rate, pollen provisioning, and mortality used in all trials. Values not given

Percent mortality

at random for a particular mating from the pool of eligible potential donors.

**2.1.5 Age-specific pollen rate** 

**2.1.6 Mortality** 

end of the trial run.

Age Relative rate of reproduction

8 0.02

12 0.08 17 0.2

70 1.3

5 0 0 6 0 0.2

25 0.95

75 1.3 1.2

were interpolated between the bounding values. See text for more details.

Aging of the population begins with the founders and it will continue to age until the specified number of generations is completed. 169 founders, this being approximately the minimum number of founders needed to capture > 95% of the source population alleles (Lawrence *et al*., 1995; Chakraborty, 1993), of initial age 13 were used with founders located every other grid point in a 13 x 13 individual square (26 x 26 grid points). This simulates a 10 m distance between founders in a planting square 130 m on each side. This square of founders remained constant across all trials, although it was moved to different distances from the preserve borders.
